NUTRIENT UPTAKE BY GRAIN SORGHUM AS INFLUENCED BY CULTIVARS AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION IN SANDY LOAM SOIL

CLETO NAMOOBE*, R. K. NANWAL, PAWAN KUMAR AND K. S. GREWAL

Zambia College of Agriculture,

Ministry of Agriculture, Zambia

*(e-mail : malohamwa@yahoo.com)

(Received: 7 July, 2013; 25 August, 2013)

SUMMARY

The experiment was carried out at the Student Farm of CCS HAU, Hisar for two consecutive kharif seasons of 2011 and 2012. The field was laid out in a split plot design following the block randomization system with three replications. Four varieties (HC 541, HC 308, HC 171 and HJ 513) and five nitrogen levels (0, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg N ha-1) were taken in the main plots and subplots, respectively. Data collected revealed that grain and straw yields were significantly affected by both variety and nitrogen application. HJ 541 gave the highest grain and straw yields (1973 kg ha-1 and 18086 kg ha-1) with nitrogen application of 100 kg N ha-1, respectively. Nitrogen application enhanced N content and uptake in grain, but a non significant effect was recorded in straw by varieties. A non significant response was noticed with N application on P content in grain while P content in straw was significant. Nitrogen levels significantly affected K content in both grain and straw. Total uptake of NPK was enhanced by nitrogen application at all levels while control recorded the lowest total NPK uptake.

Key words : Sorghum, fodder, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, uptake

38(3) 129-132

PERFORMANCE OF DUAL PURPOSE BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE L.)VARIETIES FOR GREEN FODDER AND SUBSEQUENT PRODUCTIVITY UNDER VARYING SEED RATE AND FERTILITY MANAGEMENT

DILIP SINGH*, D. R. SINGH, V. NEPALIA AND AMINA KUMARI

Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology

Udaipur-313001 (Rajasthan), India

*(e-mail : dilipagron@gmail.com)

(Received : 7 May, 2013, Accepted : 15 July, 2013)

SUMMARY

In order to select best suited dual purpose barley variety, to work out optimum fertilizer levels and seed rate, a field experiment was conducted during rabi 2009-10. The treatment consisted combinations of two dual purpose varieties (RD 2552 and RD 2035), three seed rate (100, 125 and 150 kg/ ha) and three fertilizer levels (100 per cent RDF: 60 + 20 kg N + P2O5/ha, 125 per cent RDF and 150 per cent RDF). Green fodder yield and growth character of dual purpose barley variety RD 2552 before and after green fodder cutting was significantly higher over RD 2035. The variety had higher grain and straw yield, accumulated maximum N and P in green fodder, grain and straw and total uptake compared to variety RD 2035. This manifested in additional net returns of Rs.4958 ha-1 over RD 2035 and increased B:C ratio from 1.4 to 1.7.

Application of 125 kg seed/ ha proved best and economically profitable over 100 kg seed/ha. The results revealed that application of 125 and 150 per cent RDF improved growth parameters, yield attributing parameters, grain, straw yield, N and P uptake over 100 per cent RDF. Protein content increased and crude fibre content of green fodder decreased with increasing fertility levels. However, TDN remains stable under varying fertility levels. With highest net returns and B:C ratio application of 125 per cent RDF proved most economically benificial.

Key words: Dual purpose barley, seed rate and fertility levels

38(3) 133-137

CHEMICAL WEED MANAGEMENT IN BERSEEM (TRIFOLIUM ALEXZANDRIUM L.)

S. H. PATHAN AND A. B. KAMBLE

Department of Agronomy,

Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri (Maharashtra)

(e-mail : pathansarfraj85@gmail.com; drarunkamble@gmail.com)

(Received: 3 July, 2013, Accepted: 29 July, 2013)

SUMMARY

The field experiment was conducted to find out most suitable weed management practices to control of weeds in berseem (Trifolium alexandrium L.). The results indicated that all weed control treatments significantly reduced the density and dry weight of weeds in berseem. Among the weed control treatment T7- Oxyflourfen @ 0.100 kg a.i.ha-1 fb Imazethapyr @ 0.100 kg a.i. ha-1 immediate after harvest of I st cut recorded significantly the lowest total weed count/m2 and its total dry weight at harvest as compared to rest of the treatments except treatment T5 and T6 which were on par with treatment T7.

Among pre emergence application of Oxyflourfen @ 0.100 kg a.i.ha-1 fb post emergence application of Imazethapyr @ 0.100 kg a.i. ha-1 recorded significantly higher WCE (67.88 %) over rest of the treatment but it was at par with treatments T5 and T6. The growth attributes viz., plant height and L: S ratio of berseem was significantly differ due to weed management practices. Plant height was significantly maximum (44.56 cm) with weedy check but it was at par with treatment T7- Oxyflourfen @ 0.100 kg a.i.ha-1 fb Imazethapyr @ 0.100 kg a.i. ha-1 immediate after harvest of I st cut (39.60cm). However, the L: S ratio was significantly higher (0.61) with treatment T7 but it was at par with treatment T5 and T6. All yields attributes and yield parameters viz., GFY, DMY, seed and straw yield and CPY were significantly higher in treatment T7 which was followed by treatment T6. Pre emergence application of oxyflororfen @ 0.100 kg a.i. ha-1 fb Imazethapyr @ 0.100 kg a.i. ha-1 as post emergence registered significantly the highest gross monitory (Rs. 1,11,866 ha-1), net monitory (Rs. 54,810 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.96) than rest of treatments followed by treatment T6 (Gross monitory Rs.1,01,402 ha-1, net monitory Rs. 47,523 ha-1 and B:C ratio 1.88).

Key words : Weed management, oxyflororfen, fb mazethapyr, berseem, Trifolium alexandrinum

38(3) 138-143

EFFECT OF INSECT ATTRACTANTS, MICRONUTRIENTS AND GROWTH REGULATORS ON CROP GROWTH, FLOWERING BEHAVIOUR AND SEED YIELD IN ALFALFA (MEDICAGO SATIVA L.)

K. SREEDHARA, A. KRISHNA¹ AND S. HARISH²*

Department of Seed Science and Technology,

College of Agriculture,

UAS, Dharwad, Karnataka

*(e-mail : kumarsky999@gmail.com)

(Received: 1 July, 2013, Accepted: 23 July, 2013)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was carried out at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during the Rabi-Summer 2010-11. The experiment consisted of 8 treatment combinations involving two insect attractants A1- Jaggery solution @ 2% and A2- Commercial attractant (Bee-Q @ 0.175%), two micronutrients M1- Boron @ 0.8% and M2- Molybdenum @ 0.05%, and two growth regulators G1- Gibberlic Acid (GA3) @ 50 ppm and G2- Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) @ 50 ppm. Among the insect attractants sprayed, Bee-Q recorded significantly higher number of flowers (271), number of pods per plant (62.75), pod set percentage (22.72), pod yield per plant (14.75) and seed weight per plant (2.83). Higher seed yield per ha (268) was noticed with Bee-Q with the extent of 18% of increase over Jaggery solution. Among the micronutrients sprayed, M1 recorded significantly higher number of flowers (263), number of pods per plant (60.43), pod set percentage (21.96), pod yield per plant (14.28), seed weight per plant (2.31) and seed yield per ha (251). Among the growth regulators sprayed, G1 recorded significantly higher number of flowers (269), number of pods per plant (63.45), pod set percentage (22.85), pod yield per plant (14.02), seed weight per plant (2.46) and seed yield per ha (267). The interaction effects between insect attractants, micronutrients and growth regulators were found significant. The treatment combination of A1M2G1 found significantly superior for pod set % and seed yield per ha over all other treatment combinations.

Key words: Lucerne, boron, molybdenum, gibberlic acid and naphthalene

38(3) 144-150

SUITABILITY OF QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN IDENTIFICATION OF OAT (AVENA SATIVA L.) CULTIVARS FOR RAINFED ENVIRONMENTS

YOGESH RUWALI* AND J. S. VERMA

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,

G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology

Pantnagar-263145 (Uttarakhand), India

*(e-mail : ruwali.yogesh@gmail.com)

(Received: 8 December, 2012, Accepted: 20 July, 2013)

SUMMARY

The objective of this study was to check the efficiency of selection using quantitative traits in identification of oat cultivars suitable for rainfed environments in order to incorporate the high yielding genotypes in our oat breeding program. In our study plant biological yield decreased in rainfed plots compared to the timely irrigated plot. In general, it was found that yield of the oat plant (seed/ straw) can be an effective tool for preliminary selection of potent genotypes in stressed environments. The genotypes D. Sel.-1 and D. Sel.-5 with high susceptibility index values of 5.38 and 4.90 were identified as the most susceptible genotype. The genotype UPO 273 appeared better suited to rainfed conditions while, the genotype UPO 270 with susceptibility index value of 0.00 was recognized as the most stable genotype across the two different moisture level environments.

Key words : Suitable cultivars, rainfed environments, biological yield, Oat (Avena sativa)

38(3) 151-155

HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY FOR GREEN FODDER YIELD AND ITS CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN FORAGE SORGHUM [SORGHUM BICOLOR (L.) MOENCH]

V. R. AKABARI, H. P. PARMAR, NIRANJANA M. AND D. B. NAKARANI

Main Forage Research Station,

Anand Agricultural University,

Ananad-388110, (Gujarat), India

(e-mail : virenbreeder@gmail.com)

(Received: 2 July, 2012, Accepted: 26 July, 2013)

SUMMARY

Study of combining ability and heterosis were conducted on 45 F1 hybrids along with fifteen fodder sorghum genotypes (three male sterile lines and fifteen restorer lines) to know the pattern of inheritance of some morphological traits for selecting superior genotypes. The experiment was carried out according to line x tester mating design, during 2011. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes, parents, hybrids and line x tester interactions for all the traits under study. Variances of SCA were higher than the GCA variances for all traits which indicated predominance of non-additive gene action in the inheritance of the traits. The significant positive standard heterosis over GFSH-1 for green fodder yield per plant was exhibited by SURAT-1 x C-10-2 (42.53 %). This cross also exhibited high heterosis and per se performance for yield attributing traits viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height at 50 % flowering and dry matter yield per plant. It was followed by SURAT-1 x GUNDRI (24.34 %) and SURAT-4 x AFS-30 (22.50 %). Within CMS parents, SURAT-2 and SURAT-1 and among male parents, C-10-2, GUNDARI, AFS-30 and S-1049 were observed to be good general combiners for most of the characters studied. The cross combinations SURAT-1 x C-10-2, SURAT-4 x UP CHARI and SURAT-2 x Phule Amruta were found to be the best specific crosses for green fodder yield per plant. The hybrid SURAT-1 x C-10-2 and surat-4 x UP CHARI were also found to be the best specific crosses for days to 50% flowering and number of tillers per plant, therefore, these can be further exploited for selection of transgressive segregants.

Key words: Forage sorghum, heterosis, combining ability, green fodder yield, yield components

38(3) 156-163

STATUS AND PROFITABILITY OF FODDER CROPS IN MADHYA PRADESH

HARIOM SHARMA AND RAVI SINGH CHOUHAN

Agro-Economic Research Centre

for Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh,

J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur (M.P.) 482004

SUMMARY

Madhya Pradesh is basically an agricultural state where about 70 per cent of its peoples live in villages. Their livelihood is dependent mainly on agriculture and animal husbandry. Though, state has a huge livestock population of over 4162.96 millions, besides poultry, yet the production of milk and other livestock products is the lowest in India. The state, highly deficient in various cattle products, though state has about one-fourth of the total cattle population of India. As against the minimum nutritional requirement of 201 g/head/day of milk set by the nutritionists, 100 g/head/day is the availability per head in the state. One of the main reasons for the low productivity of livestock is malnutrition and the low genetic potential of the animals. In fact, the economic viability of livestock husbandry depends on sources of feed and fodder as feeding cost constitutes about 65 – 70% of the total cost of livestock farming. (Sharma H. O. and Raghuwanshi N. K. 2011) The feed given to cattle comprises dry fodder, green fodder and concentrates of which dry fodder forms the major share. The adequate supply of feed and fodder is a critical factor affecting performance of animals. This fact is adequately supported by the figures of availability, vis-a-vis the requirement of green-fodder crops, crop residues and concentrates, which shows that there is a huge gap of between demand and supply of all kinds of these feeds and fodders in the state.

Key words: Profitability, status, fodder crops, livestock productivity, economic viability.

38(3) 164-169

PRODUCTION POTENTIAL AND ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF FOOD–FORAGE BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS IN SOUTHERN TELANGANA REGION OF ANDHRA PRADESH

V. CHANDRIKA*, R. BALAJI NAIK, K. B. SUNEETHA DEVI AND M. SHANTI

ANGRAU, Rajendranagar,

Hyderabad, A.P.

*(E-mail : vchandrika2@rediffmail.com)

(Received: 29 December, 2012, Accepted: 15 April, 2013)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the forage production potential of various intensive cropping systems including speciality corn types for both food and forage. NB hybrid+cowpea–Lucerne was found most efficient cropping system in terms of green and dry fodder yields and for year round forage production. But under peri urban situations, Maize+cowpea–Maize-Maize+cowpea systems were found to be more efficient in terms of net returns (Rs.1,19,200/yr), FEY(278 t/ha/yr) and MUE(326.5 Rs/ha/day).

Key words: Production potential, economic viability, cropping system, food &forage.

38(3) 170-173

EFFECT OF CULTIVARS AND PLANT GEOMETRY ON DRY FODDER PRODUCTION OF BARLEY UNDER VARIOUS MOISTURE REGIMES ON RAISED BED PLANTING

NAVEEN KUMAR, SURESH KUMAR* AND R. K. ARYA

Department of Agronomy,

CCS Haryana Agricultural University,

Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India

*(E-mail : sureshsella@gmail.com)

(Received: 29 December, 2012, Accepted: 15 April, 2013)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2011-12 at research farm, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (India) in a semi-arid climate to study the effect of cultivars, row spacing and moisture regimes on dry fodder production and its contributing traits in barley planted on raised beds. The treatments consisting of combination of three cultivars viz., BH 393, BH 902 and BH 885 and two rows spacing viz., 2 rows per bed and 3 rows per bed in main plots and three moisture regimes (irrigation at IW/ CPE 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) in sub plots. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. The results revealed that the plant height, number of tillers per meter square, leaf area index and dry fodder yield was recorded maximum with BH 902 cultivar. Plant height of barley was not affected significantly by row spacing, but number of tillers per meter square, and leaf area index was recorded significantly higher in 3 rows per bed. Dry fodder yield was also recorded higher in 3 rows per bed. Among three moisture regimes, plant height, number of tillers per meter square, leaf area index and dry fodder yield were recorded maximum with irrigation at IW/CPE 0.5. Among interaction between cultivars and row spacing, BH 902 cultivars when planted in 3 rows per bed produced maximum dry fodder yield than other combinations.

Key words: dry fodder production, bed planting, row spacing, moisture regime, barley cultivars

38(3) 174-176

EFFECT OF ORGANIC FARMING ON DRY FODDER YIELD, GRAIN YIELD, NET RETURNS AND SOIL FERTILITY IN MUNG BEAN-WHEAT (TALL) PRODUCTION SYSTEM

PAWAN KUMAR, MANOJ KUMAR SHARMA, S. K. YADAV AND R.K. NANWAL

Department of Agronomy

CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004 (Haryana), India

SUMMARY

A field experiment was conducted during the year 2005-06 and 2006-07, at research farm of   CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to study the effect of organic farming on dry fodder yield, grain yield, net returns and soil fertility in mung bean-wheat (tall) cropping system. The results indicated that application of 1/3 N each applied in form of FYM + vermicompost + neemcake + NP bio fertilizers recorded highest dry fodder yield (5646 and 4738 kg/ha for mung bean and wheat), mean wheat equivalent yield (3294 kg/ha), net return (Rs.13391 & Rs. 21545/ha), B:C (2.39 & 2.44) and profit (Rs. 98.03 and Rs. 122.63/ha/day) as compared to other organic sources of nutrients during both the years of study. Application of 100 per recommended fertilizer dose (RDF) performed better among all the treatments. Soil fertility parameters i.e. Organic carbon, available nitrogen and available potassium was better after the harvest of mung bean crop than after the harvest of wheat tall crop.  

Key words: Cropping system, economics, organic and inorganic sources

38(3) 177-181

INHERITANCE OF BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT RESISTANCE IN CLUSTERBEAN

ANIL, S. K. PAHUJA, S. P. KADIAN, S. K. GANDHI AND NABIN BHUSAL*

Forage Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding

CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India

*(E-mail: bhusal.nabin@gmail.com)

(Received: 11 June, 2013, Accepted: 15July, 2013)

SUMMARY

The F2 progenies of two crosses i.e. HG 563 X PNB and HG 75 X PNB in clusterbean were studied for inheritance of Bacterial Leaf Blight disease resistance. Individual data were taken for BLB disease using 0-9 scale. The data were analyzed using chai square test in clusterbean. F2 mendelian segregation ratio 13:3 (Inhibitory gene action) was found non- significant in both the crosses. The presence of inhibitory gene action was for governing resistance to bacterial leaf blight disease in both the crosses which will enable the breeder to exercise intensive selection among segregants with better chances of finding transgressive segregants for F2 population.

Key words: Cluster bean, chai square test, Inhibitory gene action, Transgressive segregants, Bacterial leaf blight.

38(3) 182-183

SEED QUALITY STATUS OF CLUSTERBEAN SEED PRODUCED BY FARMERS’ AS WELL AS PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS IN HARYANA

AXAY KUMAR, S. S. JAKHAR*, O. S. DAHIYA AND R. C. PUNIA

Department of Seed Science & Technology,

CCS, Haryana Agricultural University

Hisar-125004

*(E-mail: satbirsinghjakhar@yahoo.co.in)

(Received: 31December, 2012, Accepted: 26 July, 2013)

SUMMARY

Fifty seed samples (24 farmers’ saved seed, 6 public and 20 private seed sectors) of two guar varieties viz., HG-365 and HG-563 were collected from guar growing areas of the state and analyzed for quality tests. The germination (%), seed moisture content (%) and physical purity (%) of public sector samples ranged from 84 to 92, 8.9 to 9.0 and 98 to 100 per cent, respectively while in the samples collected from private sector ranged from 82 to 85, 9.1 to 9.2 and 98 to 99 per cent, respectively. In farmers’ saved seed, these parameters ranged from 72 to 85, 9.1 to 10 and 85 to 95 per cent, respectively. None of the samples from public, private and farmers saved seed was found infested with the diseases and insect pests. The results revealed that the quality of the samples produced by public and private seed organizations was good & healthy and met Indian Minimum Seed Certification Standards (IMSCS) while the quality in respect of farmers saved seed was marginally lower than the IMSCS in terms of germination, physical purity and moisture content.

Key words : Clusterbean, seed quality, purity, germination, vigour and health

38(3) 184-185

COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF FORAGE PEARL MILLET GENOTYPES FOR FODDER AND GRAIN YIELD POTENTIAL AT HISAR AND ALL-INDIA LEVEL

D. S. PHOGAT, R. N. ARORA*, Y. JINDAL AND S. K. PAHUJA

Forage Section

Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding

CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004-2, India

*(E-mail: arora15@rediffmail.com)

(Received : 18 June, 2013, Accepted : 25 July, 2013)

SUMMARY

Five promising genotypes of forage pearl millet namely; NDFB-11, NDFB-13, AFB-3, AFB-4 and JHPM 08-1 contributed by various Coordinating Centres under AICRP (FC) were evaluated against two national checks namely; Raj Bajra Chari-2 and Giant Bajra for assessing their fodder and grain yield potential in two separate trials during kharif-2010 at CCS HAU, Hisar. Both the experiments were sown at the farm area of Forage Section, CCS HAU, Hisar on 18th July, 2010 with 3 replications. The plot size was kept as 4.0 m x 3.0 m, with row to row distance of 30 cm. The same sets of entries were also tested at 16 different locations for fodder trial and at 14 locations for grain trial across the country during kharif-2010.

Key words : Evaluation, fodder and grain yield potential, forage pearl millet.

38(3) 186-187

HJ 541: A NEW VARIETY OF FORAGE SORGHUM FOR HIGH FODDER YIELD

S. K. PAHUJA, R. YADAV, Y. JINDAL, S. R. PUNDIR, D. S. RANA, K. GUPTA, A. S. RATHI, S.

P. SINGH, S. SIHAG AND U. N. JOSHI

Forage Section

CCS Haryana Agricultural University,

Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India.

(E-mail: forageres@gmail.com)

(Received : 18 June, 2013, Accepted : 25 July, 2013)

SUMMARY

The new variety HJ 541 overcomes this problem as it has long and semi-compact ear heads and also has shown 10.5 % increase in seed yield over the check in All India Coordinated trials. This variety of forage sorghum, HJ 541 has been released and notified by Central Sub-committee on Crop Standards, notification and release of varieties in the year 2013. In On-farm trials conducted at farmers’ fields in various districts of Haryana, this variety has given 503.2 q/ha green fodder yield against the check HC 308 (438.2 q/ ha) thereby exhibiting 14.8 % increase over the check.

Key words : New variety, HJ 541, forage sorghum, high fodder yield.

38(3) 188