PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT FODDER CROPS SEQUENCES GROWN IN ASSOCIATION OF BER (ZIZYPHUS MAURITIANA LAMK.) PLANTATION UNDER AGRI-HORTICULTURE SYSTEM IN HOT ARID REGION OF WESTERN INDIA

K. C. SHARMA

Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute,

Arid Region Campus, Bikaner, Rajasthan 334 006 (India)

(Email: kc_64sharma@yahoo.com)

(Received: 6 March 2014; Accepted: 27 March 2014)

SUMMARY

The field experiment was conducted during 2008-11 to find out the most productive and remunerative fodder crops sequence in association of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) plantation in hot arid ecosystem of western India. Results indicated that among fodder cropping sequences, pearlmillet (Pennisetum glaucum) + clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) – lucerne (Medicago sativa) sequence recorded maximum values of green fodder (96.5 and 92.9 t/ha), dry matter (19.5 and 21.3 t/ha) and crude protein (2.87 and 3.05 t/ha) yields in both the years, and overall net returns of (Rs. 97.6 thousands/ha) and B:C ratio (2.43). These fodder yields were significantly higher over rest of the sequences in both the years except green fodder and dry matter yield of pearlmillet sole – lucerne in first year and dry matter yields alone of pearlmillet + clusterbean – oats (Avena sativa) in both the years. Growth data on ber plantation showed that none of the fodder cropping sequence had its significant effect on ber growth attributes viz., plant height, collar girth and canopy diameter except collar girth at 15 months stage, where differences in collar girth were significant and trees in the plots under pearlmillet + clusterbean – oats recoded maximum value of 21.7 cm, which was at par with pearlmillet + clusterbean – lucerne, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) + cowpea – oats, sorghum + cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) – lucerne, sorghum sole – oats, clusterbean sole – lucerne and ber sole, and significantly higher over rest of the sequences. Differences due to fodder cropping sequence in ber tree productivity viz., fruits, dry leaves fodder and dry wood yields were also non significant. Hence, it can be concluded that growing of pearlmillet + clusterbean – lucerne in association of ber plantation holds promise to provide higher and remunerative productivity in hot arid ecosystem of western India.

Key words : Agri-horticulture, ber, fodder crops sequences, fodder yield, economics.

159-164

PRINCIPAL FACTOR AND CLUSTER ANALYSIS FOR SEED YIELD AND BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT RESISTANCE IN ADVANCED F4 PROGENIES OF CLUSTERBEAN

ANIL, S.K. PAHUJA, S.P. KADIAN, R. YADAV AND NABIN BHUSAL

Forage Section,Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding,

CCS Haryana Agricultural University,Hisar(India)

(Email: bhusal.nabin@gmail.com)

(Received: 11 February 2014; Accepted: 28 March 2014)

SUMMARY

Principal factor and hierarchical cluster analyses were carried out in 36 advance F4 progenies of cluster bean. The study was done on 11 traits, which identified five principal components explaining 78.93 per cent variability . The first PC explained 28.76 per cent of total variation. The second, third, fourth and fifth principal components explained 18.19, 11.83, 10.78 and 9.38 per cent variation, respectively. Using principle factor (PF) scores, all the progenies were plotted for PF I and PF III which cumulatively explained 40.59 per cent variability. Factor I was designated as yield factor and factor III was designated as bacterial leaf blight disease factor. The hierarchical cluster analysis (UPGMA with city block distances) classified these progenies into five clusters. Cluster II consisted of maximum number of progenies i.e. fifteen. Clusters I, III, IV and V included 12, 7, 1 and 1 progenies, respectively.

Key words : Principal factor, hierarchical analysis, principal components ,cluster bean.

165-169

GENETIC VARIABILITY AND HERITABILTY FOR SEED YIELD AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY RELATED CHARACTERS IN CLUSTERBEAN (CYAMOPSIS TETRAGONOLOBA ( L.) TAUB.)

JITENDER, S. K. PAHUJA, NARESH VERMA AND NABIN BHUSAL

Forage Section,Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding,

CCS Haryana Agricultural University,Hisar(India)

(Email: bhusal.nabin@gmail.com)

(Received: 15 March 2014; Accepted: 28 March 2014)

SUMMARY

The material for present investigation comprised of 25 guar genotypes. The experimental material was grown at Research Area Crop Physiology (Agronomy), CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during Kharif 2010 in randomized block design with three replications. The mean sum of squares due to genotypes were recorded to be highly significant for all the 18 characters studied, including morpho-physiological, biochemical characters and yield components and seed yield per plant. The studied revealed that prevalence of enough genetic variability in the material under study. Characters like pods per plant, dry weight, plant height and proline content in leaves had high GCV, PCV, heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean. While, harvest index and seed yield per plant had high GCV, PCV and heritability associated with moderate genetic advance as per cent of mean. Likewise, germination/survival per cent had moderate GCV PCV and genetic advance as per cent of mean with high heritability. However, 100 seed weight, branches per plant and leaf area index had high GCV, PCV and heritability associated with low genetic advance as per cent of mean. While, gum content, rate of water loss from excised leaf, cell membrane stability and seed per pod had moderate heritability associated with low GCV, PCV and genetic advance as per cent of mean, respectively. However, canopy temperature depression and chlorophyll fluorescence had high heritability associated with low GCV, PCV and heritability, respectively.

Key words : Genetic variability, GCV, PCV, heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean,guar..

170-174

STUDIES ON VARIABILITY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS IN PEARL MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM L.) HYBRIDS

Y. KUMAR*, R.A.S. LAMBA, H.P. YADAV, R. KUMAR AND DEV VART

Regional Research Station, Bawal (Haryana), India

CCS Haryana Agricultural University,

1Project Coordinator (AICPMIP), Mandor, Jodhpur

(Email: yogenderkgulia@gmail.com)

(Received: 21 February 2014; Accepted: 27 March 2014)

SUMMARY

A set of 26 pearl millet hybrids were evaluated in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications during kharif 2012 at CCS HAU, Regional Research Station, Bawal under rainfed conditions. The objectives of the investigation were to estimate the genetic parameters, correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield and its component traits viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), ear length (cm), ear girth (cm), 1000-seed weight (g), productive tillers per plant, plant population per plot, dry fodder yield (kg/plot) and grain yield (kg/plot). Significant differences were observed among the hybrids for all the characters studied. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were recorded highest in dry fodder yield followed by productive tillers per plant, grain yield and 1000-seed weight. Estimates of heritability in broad sense ranged from 26 per cent for plant population to 99 per cent for 1000-seed weight, while grain yield showed 75 per cent heritability. Moderate to high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for 1000-seed weight, grain yield, dry fodder yield, plant height, productive tillers per plant and ear length indicating the importance of these traits in selection and crop improvement. Correlation studies revealed that the traits namely, plant height, ear length, productive tillers per plant and dry fodder yield exhibited significant positive phenotypic correlation with grain yield. Dry fodder yield, productive tillers per plant and ear length showed highest positive direct effect on grain yield at phenotypic level. Hence, main emphasis should be given to these traits in breeding programme for development of high yielding pearl millet hybrids under rainfed conditions.

Key words : Genetic variability, correlation coefficient, path analysis, pearl millet.

175-178

EVALUATION OF AVENA SPECIES FOR YIELD, QUALITY ATTRIBUTES AND DISEASE REACTION

JAYEETA CHAKRABORTY*, R. N. ARORA, U. N. JOSHI1 AND A. K. CHHABRA

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,

CCS Haryana Agricultural University,

Hisar-125 004, Haryana, India

(Email: arora15@rediffmail.com)

(Received: 4 March 2014; Accepted: 27 March 2014)

SUMMARY

Twenty four genotypes comprising of 16 Avena spp. were studied for yield, quality characters and disease reaction at CCS HAU, Hisar during rabi 2010-11. The GCV, PCV, heritability, GA were highest for green fodder yield, followed by dry fodder yield, seed yield per plant and reducing sugar. A. sativa cv. OS 6 had maximum CP (14.54%) for grain while, A. barbata cv. HFO 58 had minimum CP value (11.97%). In case of IVDMD, A. brevis cv. HFO 864 (41.64 %) had minimum digestibility, whereas A. nuda cv. HFO 305 (64.28%) had maximum value. A. maroccana cv. HFO 867 had highest CP (14.51%) for fodder while A. barbata cv. HFO 58 had lowest CP (12.65 %). A. sativa cv. OS 376 had highest TSS (7.96 %) as well as reducing sugar (4.49 %) and A. nuda cv. HFO 305 had highest fat (9.45 %). All the genotypes were found moderately to highly resistant to diseases under study. The desirable genotypes of various Avena species either could be used as such or in hybridization programme to transfer the desirable characters to cultivated species.

Key words : Avena spp, for yield, quality characters and disease reaction.

179-184

INFLUENCE OF SOWING TIME AND PHOSPHORUS LEVELS ON YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES OF LUCERNE (MEDICAGO SATIVA L.) CV. ANAND−2 UNDER MIDDLE GUJARAT CONDITIONS

SONU RAM, A. K. GUPTA AND J. B. PATEL

1Department of Agronomy,B. A. College of Agriculture,

Anand Agricultural University, Anand – 388110, Gujarat, India

(Email: c.sonuram@gmail.com)

(Received: 11February 2014; Accepted: 15 March 2014)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Research Station Farm, Anand Agricultural University, Anand to quantify the effect of sowing time and phosphorus levels on Yield and yield attributes of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) cv. Anand−2 under middle Gujarat conditions during the year 2007-08. For said purpose sixteen treatments comprising combinations of four sowing time (1st, 15th, 30th November and 15th December) and four phosphorus levels (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg ha-1) were tested in a split plot design with four replications. Result revealed that yield attributes viz., number of effective tillers metre-1 row length, number of filled pods raceme-1, number of seeds pod-1 and 1000 seeds weight recorded maximum at harvest were maximum under treatment S3 (15th November), while minimum values of these characters were registered under treatment S1 (1st November).

Key words : Phosphorus, sowing and yield attributes.

185-189

GREEN FODDER YIELD AND QUALITY OF DUAL PURPOSE BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE L.) AS AFFECTED BY LEVELS AND SCHEDULE OF NITROGEN

K. K. CHOUDHARY, N. S. YADAVA, S. L. YADAV* AND R. C. JAT

College of Agriculture,

Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner (Rajasthan), India

(Email: arora15@rediffmail.com)

(Received: 14 March 2014; Accepted: 27 March 2014)

SUMMARY

A field study was conducted during rabi season 2012-13 at Research Farm of College of Agriculture, S.K. Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner. Treatments comprised three levels of nitrogen (60, 90 and 120 kg/ha) and five schedules of nitrogen application viz., ½ basal (B) + ½ immediate after cutting for green fodder (IAC), ½ B + ¼ IAC + ¼ at next irrigation after cut (NIAC), ⅓ B + ⅓ IAC + ⅓ NIAC, ⅓ B + ⅔ IAC and ⅔ B + ⅓ IAC with four replication in randomized block design. Response in terms of green fodder yield obtained per kg of nitrogen applied (PFPn) sharply declined beyond 30 kg N/ha. In terms of GFY, significant response of basal application of nitrogen was noticed up to 40 kg N/ha (124.25 q/ha). In case of DMY, Significant positive response was noticed only up to 30 kg N/ha. NDF, ADF and lignin content remained unaffected due to nitrogen application. The crude fat and mineral contents exhibited significant and positive response up to 30 kg N/ha. Crude protein content tended to increase up to 80 kg N/ha but beyond 30 kg N/ha only 60 and 80 kg N/ha produced significant and positive effect on CP content.

Key words : Dual purpose barley, green fodder yield and Nitrogen schedule.

190-196

EXPLORING THE SEED PRODUCTION POTENTIAL IN OAT(AVENA SATIVA L.)

R. N. ARORA

Forage Section, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding,

CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004 (Haryana), India

(Email: arora15@rediffmail.com)

(Received: 4 February 2014; Accepted: 20 March 2014)

SUMMARY

Single cut oat genotypes OS 6 (36.1 q/ha) and OS 363 (33.3 q/ha) and dual type oat genotypes RJB-1 (40.7 q/ha) and UPO 05-1 (25.9 q/ha), UPO 212 and OS 6 (25.9 q/ha) ranked first and second, respectively for seed yield at CCS HAU, Hisar whereas, at All-India level, single cut genotypes UPO 09-1 (23.7q/ha) and OS 6 (23.0 q/ha) and dual type genotypes RJB-1 (40.7 q/ha), UPO 05-1 (25.9 q/ha), UPO 212 & OS 6 (25.9 q/ha) stood first and second, respectively. Seed yield averaged over five seasons (2007-08 to 2011-12) at nine different locations across the country showed that highest seed yield in oats was obtained at Hisar in Haryana, N-W Zone (28.8 q/ha), at Kanke, Ranchi in Jharkhand, N-E Zone (28.7 q/ha) and at Srinagar in J&K, Hill Zone (28.3 q/ha), followed by Jabalpur in Madhya Pradesh and Jhansi in Uttar Pradesh, in Central Zone (24.4 q/ha) as compared to national average of 22.0 q/ha, emphasizing thereby that the climatic conditions of these locations are highly suited for harnessing higher oat seed production.

Key words : oat genotypes, fodder and seed yield.

197-200

EVALUATION OF GENETIC VARIABILITY IN BERSEEM AFTER MUTAGENESIS

YOGESH JINDAL, GAJRAJ SINGH DAHIYA AND D. S. PHOGAT

Forage Section, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding,

CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004 (Haryana), India

(Email: yjindalhau@gmail.com)

(Received: 6 Feruary 2014; Accepted: 20 March 2014)

SUMMARY

Trifolium alexandrinum, commonly known as Berseem or Egyptian clover is the annual leguminous forage crop grown over wide areas in north India. The genus Trifolium comprises of 290 species out of which 25 are of agricultural importance. It was introduced in India in 1904 and now it is cultivated on an area of around 2 million hectares. In Haryana it occupies around 1.25 lac hectares. Breeding of berseem is highly restricted due to narrow genetic base. Thus, Mescavi is the only genotype which is being used for the last 110 years. To break this variability barrier, some approaches like induction of polyploids, polycrosses and mutations have been followed to harvest some gains in this important crop of rabi season. Mutation breeding is such an approach where one variety HB 2 was released after selection from Mescavi treated with gamma rays 70 kR. In this experiment, three doses of EMS (0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%) were applied to dry seeds of HB 1, HB 2 and Mescavi. M1 generation were raised in the field. Germination was recorded 10 days after sowing. Maximum germination (85%) was observed with 0.1% EMS whereas, minimum germination (12%) was observed with EMS 0.5%. A total of 98 single plants in different treatments survived and were harvested and threshed individually. Superior plants based on phenotype will be selected in the subsequent generations. Various phenotypic characters are improved through selection viz. plant height, tillers per plant, leaves per plant, leaf stem ratio, trifoliate/tetrafoliate / pentafoliate leaves, small leaflets, oblong, bright green and slightly hairy. Flower head shapes and colour, days to maturity which spread from 180-210 days which are spread over varying climatic conditions. Green fodder yield, dry matter yield and their per day production are the most important among them. The procedure has proved beneficial in improving these characters to a reasonable extent.

Key words : Berseem, Trifolium, mutation.

201-204

EFFECT OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND FYM ON YIELD AND NUTRIENTS UPTAKE BY BARLEY(HORDEUM VULGARE L.)

B. S. DUHAN

Department of soil Science,

CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004 (Haryana), India

(Email: dr.bsduhan@gmail.com)

(Received: 17 December 2013; Accepted: 20 March 2014)

SUMMARY

Application of recommended dose of N and P significantly increased the grain and straw yield of barley from 16.92 to 28.30 and from 29.78 to 48.54 q ha-1 over control and all other treatments of FYM. With the increase in level of FYM form 5 to 10 and 15 t ha-1 grain yield of barley increased significantly from 18.82 to 21.25 and from 21.25 to 23.74 respectively and that of straw yield from 32.89 to 36.69 and from 36.69 to 40.83 respectively. Application of N and P also significantly increased the N, P and K uptake by grain from 27.92 to 48.96, from 7.95 to 16.98 and from 10.49 to 18.96 kg ha -1 and by straw from 8.64 to 21.36, 2.68 to 9.81 and from 39.9 to 70.38 kg ha -1 respectively over all other treatments. With the subsequent increase in the level of FYM from 5 to 10 and 15 t ha-1 subsequently increased the N, P and K uptake by barley grain from 32.18 to 40.83, from 9.03 to 13.05 and from 12.05 to 16.38 kg ha -1, respectively and that of by barley straw from 10.53 to 16.33, from 3.95 to 6.42 and from 47.03 to 62.06 kg ha -1, respectively.

Key words : Grain and straw yield, barley, N, P and K uptake.

205-207

STANDARDIZATION OF GERMINATION TEST IN KASURI METHI (TRIGONELLA CORNICULATA L.)

SHAMSHER SHERAWAT, R.P.S. KHARB AND AXAY BHUKER

Department of Seed Science & Technology,

CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004 (Haryana), India

(Email: bhuker.axay@gmail.com)

(Received: 15 March, 2014, Accepted: 28 March, 2014)

SUMMARY

An experiment was conducted to standardize the germination test for kasuri methi crop as standard conditions for this test were not available in ISTA rules. Highest germination percentage (77.33%) was exhibited in a two way interaction (TP, 20oC) of substrate and temperature. Therefore, seeds of this leguminous crop may be tested for standard germination by TP method at 20oC and the seedlings may be finally evaluated on 10th day.

Key words : Standardization, germination test, kasuri methi.

208-209