CURRENT NEED OF SUSTAINABLE FOOD AND FORAGE PRODUCTION TO ELIMINATE FOOD AND FORAGE INSECURITY UNDER CURRENT CLIMATIC ERA
SANDEEP KUMAR HANSA LAKHRAN, RAM SWAROOP MEENA AND CHETAN KUMAR JANGIR
Department of Agronomy
CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail : sandeepsihag1992@gmail.com)
(Received : 3 October 2017; Accepted : 15 December 2017)

SUMMARY

Current trends point to continued human population growth and existing livestock population besideS climate change increase the pressure on improving the capacity of agricultural system to produce food and forage without further sacrificing the regional and natural resources. The foremost challenges, which agriculture is going to face in coming decades, will be to produce sufficient food and forage for emergent global population by keeping in mind the environmental sustainability. Climate change has immense effects on agriculture and thereafter human and livestock hunger currently and in the decades ahead. The degradation and scarcity of natural resources, pollution resulting from agricultural production, food losses and wastage, and food safety (both quantitative and qualitative), both in terms of production and post-harvest handling, are critical issues that must need to concern to attain sustainability of agricultural production. Recent agricultural technologies that have greatly increased food supply have had inadvertent, detrimental impacts on the environment and on ecosystem services, highlighting the need for more sustainable agricultural production.

Key words: Environment, Food and forage security, climate change, hunger, sustainable management

165-173

IMPROVING NUTRITIVE VALUE AND DIGESTIBILITY OF MAIZE STOVER-A REVIEW
RAJAN KATOCH, APOORVA, ANKUR TRIPATHI AND SURBHI SOOD
Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Crop Improvement
CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya,
Palampur-176 062 (H. P.), India
*(e-mail : rajankatoch@yahoo.com)
(Received : 15 December 2017; Accepted : 28 December 2017)

SUMMARY

Agricultural crop residues constitute an essential part of ruminant diets, especially during scarcity of green fodder. Maize stover is one of the most abundant crop residues available throughout the world which has good nutritive value as compared to other crop by-products. The rumen microbial utilization of maize stover is restricted by the presence of lignin, which limits the amount of total digestible energy available to ruminants. For utilization of maize stover as cattle feed, complete or partial degradation of lignocellulosic complex is therefore required. An array of treatments and feeding methods has been developed to overcome effects of lignin in order to bring improvement in digestive value of maize stover. Among various pretreatment strategies, chemical and biological treatments have significant impact on feeding value of maize stover. Biological pretreatment offers several advantages over physical and chemical processes with mild reaction conditions, low capital cost, avoidance of toxic chemicals and high product yields. The present manuscript reviewed the efficacy of different pretreatment strategies for improving the nutritive quality of lignin rich biomasses of maize stover.

Key words: Maize stover, nutritive quality, delignification, chemical treatment, biological treatment

174-180

IDENTIFICATION OF STABLE FORAGE SORGHUM GENOTYPES USING UNIVARIATE AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSES
ARUNA C., S. K. PAHUJA, P.K. SHROTRIA, S. K. JAIN, S. SIVA KUMAR, D. T. DESHMUKH
Indian Institute of Millets Research,
Hyderabad, India
*(e-mail : aruna@millets.res.in)
(Received : 21 November 2017; Accepted : 18 December 2017)

SUMMARY

Genotype selection and recommendation is influenced by genotype x environment interactions (GEI). Identifying stable and high yielding cultivars is the main objective of the multi-environment data analysis. The objective of this study was to analyze rank correlations among ANOVA, Eberhart and Russell and biplot analyses in ranking of genotypes for yield, stability and yield-stability. The study included 16 forage sorghum genotypes evaluated at 14 environments across two years. The results showed significant effects due to environments, genotypes and GEI, suggesting differential response of genotypes. Environment (E) main effects accounted for >80% of the variation, compared to <20% for genotype (G) and GEI effects together. For yield rankings, all the three methods are positively and significantly correlated, while for stability ranking, ER and biplot analysis had positive significant correlation, indicating that both methods
have identified the same genotypes for stability. GGE biplot has the advantage of identifying mega-environments and the genotypes for each mega-environment.

Key words: GGE biplot, Joint regression analysis, stability, yield ranking, correlations

181-186

EXPLORING THE DIVERSITY OF CYANOGENIC POTENTIAL IN SORGHUM (SORGHUM BICOLOR (L.) MOENCH) AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES THROUGH TREND ANALYSIS
BALASAMY JAYARAMAN KARTHIKEYAN, CHAKRAPANI BABU AND JOHN JOEL AMALRAJ
Department of Plant Genetic Resources, Centre for Plant Breeding & Genetics
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,
Coimbatore-641 003 (Tamil Nadu), India
*(e-mail : bjkarthi@gmail.com)
(Received : 7 June 2017; Accepted : 21 December 2017)

SUMMARY

The cultivated species of sorghum is a very high valued fodder crop. However, it cannot be used as feed until it reaches its maturity stage as its high cyanogenic potential (HCNp) poses various
threats to the ruminants when fed as fodder. This research focuses on understanding the dilution pattern of dhurrin and identifying safe forage sorghum lines to avert its poisoning behaviour. Sorghum accessions were screened for HCNp through Feigl-Anger densitometry tests. Picrate paper test was performed to select ideal genotypes with low HCNp through trend analysis at various crop growth stages of 8^th (seedling), 35^th (vegetative) and 50^th (flowering) days after sowing. The reference set accessions were evaluated for their fodder yielding traits viz., plant height, stem girth, number of tillers, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf breadth, leaf-stem ratio, green fodder yield per plant and dry fodder yield per plant. Variability and association studies showed selection for fodder potential could be focused on the traits green fodder yield, dry fodder yield per plant and plant height as they exhibited high heritability; genetic advance and strong association. Trend analysis indicated a downward trend of HCNp proving that dhurrin dilutes as the crop ages. There were genotypes performing superior to K 11, but K 11 recorded low HCN content on the 8^th day; showed a gradual dilution towards 50^th day and had high GFY. Consequently, K 11 was selected as the ideal genotype for low HCNp and high fodder yield. Moreover, the accessions K 3 and TKSV 1050 showed superior performance for fodder potential over the local check and could be adopted for general cultivation. Of the various methods followed the rapid screening assay proved successful for screening large number of accessions efficiently and rapidly. The traditional biochemical method though efficient is time consuming and laborious, whereas the picrate paper test is effective in screening the accessions even at field level.

Key words: Sorghum, Fodder, Cyanogenic potential, Feigl-Anger densitometry, Picrate test

187-196

STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERGENCE IN COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA) BY USING D² SATISTICS UNDER SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS
NGOC VU NGUYEN, R. K. ARYA, RAVISH PANCHTA, AND JAYANTI TOKAS
Southern Horticultural Research Institute,
Tien Giang, Viet Nam
*(e-mail : nnvusofri@gmail.com)
(Received : 14 December 2017; Accepted : 28 December 2017)

SUMMARY

The field experiment was carried out by using the 30 genotypes of cowpea during Kharif season, 2017 at Directorate of Farms, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India. Based on D² analysis, these genotypes were grouped into six clusters. Cluster pattern revealed that cluster I and II were the largest groups, each has the eight genotypes, followed by cluster III (6 genotypes), cluster V (4 genotypes), cluster IV (3 genotypes) and cluster VI (1 genotype). The maximum intra-cluster D² value was shown by cluster V (19.85) followed by cluster III (19.35), cluster IV (18.49) and cluster I (15.63). The intra-cluster D² values ranged from 15.63 (cluster I) to 19.85 (cluster V). Highest inter-cluster D² values among genotypes existed between clusters III and VI (52.08), followed by clusters III and V (45.99), clusters IV and V (43.62) and clusters II and III (41.21). There were high variations of mean values among six clusters for all characters which, cluster V revealed the highest mean value for almost desirable seed yield characters i.e. seed yield per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, harvest index, seed protein content and early in maturity). Cluster III had exhibited superior characters of biological yield and plant height. On the contrary, cluster VI had smallest mean values for almost important characters. It can be concluded that, the crossing between the genotypes of most divergent clusters i.e. cluster III (KBC-8, GC 901, VCP 09-019, KBC-6, PTB-1, UCP 12-007) and cluster VI (TC 150) could able to produce highest seed yielding transgressive segregants. Moreover, high seed yield would be achieved by hybridization between genotypes of clusters V and II which having greater mean values for seed yield and its component traits.

Key words: Genetic divergence, cowpea, Vigna unguiculata, D² satistics, transgressive segregants

197-201

EFFECT OF ORGANIC NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON INTERCROPPING SYSTEMS OF CENCHRUS AND DOLICHOS LAB LAB FOR QUALITY FODDER PRODUCTION AND FOR IMPROVING SOIL HEALTH UNDER SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS OF RAJASTHAN
L. R. MEENA*, L. K. MEENA, A. L. MEENA AND S. P. SINGH
*Principal Scientist (Agronomy), IFSM Division, Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Modipuram, Meerut-
250 110 (Uttar Pradesh), India.
ICAR–Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan-304501
(e-mail : lrmeena6@gmail.com)
(Received : 4 May 2017; Accepted : 29 September 2017)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was conducted at Avikanagar during kharif seasons of 2010 and 2011 to explore the possibility of improvement in productivity and profitability of mixed pasture inclusion of dhaman grass (Cenchrus setigerus) and fodder legume as field bean (Dolichos lab lab), which were grown in different row proportions (1 : 1, 1 : 2 and 2 : 1). Further, the nutrient management through organic sources comprising of control, sheep manure @ 10 t/ha, vermicompost @ 3 t/ha and sheep manure@ 5 t/ha+ vermicompost @ 1.5 t/ha were studied. The results of the study revealed that growth indices, green and dry fodder yields, protein yield and available nutrients were influenced significantly by Cenchrus and Dolichos in 2 : 1 ratio. The maximum increase in green fodder (13.98 t/ha), dry matter (4.22 t/ha) and protein yield (84.3 kg/ha) were recorded in 2 : 1 row ratio of Dolichos and Cenchrus followed by 1:1 row proportion. Overall, there was 23.52 per cent increase in organic carbon content under the same treatment in comparison to initial soil status. The available N (9.18 and 15.48%), P (21.05 and 34.30%) and K (4.53 and 7.06%) were increased maximum in 2 : 1 row ratio of Dolichos and
Cenchrus than other row ratios (1:1 and 1:2). The net returns (Rs. 21,606/ha) and benefit : cost ratio (2.29) were the maximum in 2 : 1 row ratio followed by 1 : 1 row ratio (Rs. 19, 860 and 2.17). Application of sources of organic manures (sheep manure @ 5 tonnes/ha+vermicompost @ 1.5 t/ha) had produced higher green fodder (12.68 t/ha), dry matter (4.43 t/ha) and protein yield (87.6 kg /ha). The organic carbon content of soil was also improved by 38.23 per cent higher with the application of both the sources of organic manures by half doses. The available N (44%), P (39.7%) and K (27.37%) were reported remarkably better with both the sources of organic manures applied by their half doses. Application of sheep manure @ 5 t/ha+vermicompost@ 1.5 t/ha resulted in higher net returns of Rs. 23,881/ha.

Key words: Cenchrus, Dolichos, economics, sheep manure, residual soil fertility, vermicompost

202-207

INFLUENCE OF MANURE AND NITROGEN LEVEL ON NUTRIENT UPTAKE, SOIL FERTILITY AND ECONOMICS OF PEARLMILLET UNDER SEMIARID ENVIRONMENT
MANJEET* AND PARVEEN KUMAR
Department of Agronomy
CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail : manjeetjakher619@gmail.com)
(Received : 5 December 2017; Accepted : 25 December 2017)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Area, CCSHAU, Hisar during kharif 2016 with the objective to study the effect of manure and nitrogen level on nutrient uptake, soil fertility and economics of pearl millet hybrid HHB-223. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with three replications. In the main plot, there were manurial treatments viz., control, biomix, vermicompost @2.5 t/ha and vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha+biomix and nitrogen levels viz., 70, 80, 90 and 100 per cent RDN were kept under sub-plot. Higher N, P, K content and uptake were with biomix+vermicompost @2.5 t/ha and 100 per cent RDN. Availability of nutrient (N, P and K) after harvest in soil increased with increasing level of nitrogen and was highest in biomix+vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha treatment among manurial treatment. In manurial treatment higher gross return (Rs. 50252) and net returns (Rs. 17532) were recorded with biomix+vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha. Gross return, net returns and B : C ratio of pearl millet increased with increasing level of nitrogen and highest values were recorded with 100 per cent RDN and were Rs. 48217, Rs. 21036 and 1.77, respectively, but almost comparable with 90 per cent RDN. Hence, to enhance yield and monetary returns, pearl millet seed should be treated with biomix and fertilized with 90 per cent RDN along with vermicompost application @ 2.5 t/ha.

Key words: Manure, nutrient uptake, soil fertility, economics, pearl millet

208-212

CUMBU NAPIER HYBRID GRASS : YIELD, QUALITY AND SOIL FERTILITY STATUS AS INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENT NUTRIENT SOURCES
K. SATHIYA BAMA*
Department of Agronomy
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,
Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu), India
*(e-mail : kssoilscience@gmail.com)
(Received : 10 October 2017; Accepted : 17 November 2017)

SUMMARY

To study the impact of different nutrient sources (organics, inorganics INM) on yield and quality of important perennial fodder, cumbu napier hybrid grass CO (CN)4 an experiment was carried out. Three-year data of the experiment revealed that the basal application of FYM @105 t/ha (N equivalent basis)+2 kg Azospirillum+2 kg phosphobacteria recorded the highest green fodder yield of 360.7 t/ha/ year. The crude protein content got increased in the FYM applied treatment. The higher organic carbon content of 1.28 per cent from the initial carbon status of 0.62 per cent recorded in the FYM treatment. The poultry manure (PM) applied plot recorded higher available N content of 185 kg/ha from the initial soil available N content of 165 kg/ha. The higher available K content of 578 kg/ha was recorded in the same treatment. The higher uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu was recorded in the FYM applied plots. The PM applied plot recorded the highest net returns of Rs. 2, 70,000/ha/year and B : C ratio of 4.3/ha.

Key words: Cumbu napier hybrid grass, farm yard manure, poultry manure, fodder yield, quality, nutrient uptake, soil nutrients, economics

213-218

EFFECT OF BUTACHLOR, PENDIMETHALIN, IMAZETHAPYR AND
OXADIARGYL ON YIELD, QUALITY AND ECONOMICS OF BERSEEM FODDER (TRIFOLIUM ALEXANDRINUM L.)
PRIYANKA, R. S. SHEORAN, SAMUNDER SINGH AND S. S. PUNIA
Department of Agronomy
CCS Haryana Agricultural University
Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail : sheoranrs@gmail.com)
(Received : 22 August 2017; Accepted : 18 October 2017)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) season of 2013-14 at Research Farm of Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to study the effect of butachlor, pendimethalin, imazethapyr and oxadiargyl on yield, quality and economics of berseem fodder (Trifolium alexandrinum L.). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design using three replications with 15 herbicidal treatments with a weedy check, comprising four herbicides at different rates and time of application viz., butachlor at 1000 and 1500 g/ha, pendimethalin at 750 and 1000 g/ha as PRE, imazethapyr at 50, 75 and 100 g/ha as PPI, PRE and 3 WAS and oxadiargyl at 75 and 100 g/ha as PRE along with unweeded control (weedy check). The treatment where imazethapyr was applied at 100 g/ha as post-emergence (3 WAS) was found significantly superior from other treatments and recorded higher plant height (41.6 cm), number of tillers (161/m2), green fodder and dry matter yield (859.8 and 117.0 q/ha), crude protein content (20.8%), crude protein yield (24.3 q/ha), IVDMD (57.3%), DDM (68.4 q/ha) and
benefit :cost ratio (1.77).

Key words: Berseem, Trifolium alexandrinum L., herbicides, fodder yield, quality

219-222

EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS LEVELS ON FORAGE YIELD OF PROMISING MULTICUT GENOTYPES OF BERSEEM (TRIFOLIUM ALEXANDRINUM L.)
S. M. KUMAWAT AND VIMAL KHINCHI
Agricultural Research Station
S. K. Rajasthan Agricultural University,
Bikaner-334 006 (Rajasthan), India
*(e-mail : sagarskrau@gmail.com)
(Received : 30 July 2017; Accepted : 15 December 2017)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, SKRAU, Bikaner on sandy loam soil during rabi season of 2016-17 to study the effect of P levels on forage yield of promising multicut genotype of berseem. The experiment consisted of five treatment combination of berseem genotype ( AVTB2-1, AVTB 2-2, AVTB 2-3, AVTB 2-4, AVTB 2-5) in main plot and 3 phosphorus levels (60,80 &100 kg/ha) in sub plot. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and replicated thrice. The result show that Berseem genotype namely AVTB 2-3 performed better and recorded higher plant height, GFY, DMY and CPY along with net return and B:C ratio in compared to rest all genotypes. While application of phosphorus @80 kg/ha gave the maximum GFY (143.7q/ha) and L:S ratio (1.27) being at par to 60 kg/ha and gradually decreased at higher dose of phosphorus application. Though, growth, quality and economic values were recorded higher at 60 kg/ha phosphorus application. further, plant stand /m² recorded at 30 DAS was showed non significant variation due to different phosphorus levels and genotype.

Key words: Berseem genotype, crude protein, green fodder yield, dry fodder yield, net returns, B : C ratio

223-226

POTENTIAL FODDER PRODUCTIVITY, QUALITY AND RELATIVE ECONOMICS OF MULTI-CUT OAT GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN
R. S. SHEORAN, SATPAL, J. TOKAS, B. S. DUHAN AND Y. JINDAL
Forage Section, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding
CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail : satpal.fpj@gmail.com)
(Received : 13 November 2017; Accepted : 15 December 2017)

SUMMARY

A two-factor field experiment consisting of five multi-cut oat genotypes and three nitrogen levels was conducted at Forage Section Research Farm, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during winter season (rabi) of 2015-16. Oat genotypes JO-4-317 and OL-1802 were compared with three checks viz., Kent, RO-19 and UPO-212. The nitrogen levels were 40, 80 and 120 kg per hectare. Among various genotypes, the test entry OL-1802 proved to be significantly superior for green fodder (460.2 q/ha) and dry matter yield (91.0 q/ha) to rest of the entries except RO-19 (424.1 q/ha GFY and 83.5 q/ha DMY) which remained statistically at par. Number of tillers/m row length, green fodder and dry matter yield were influenced significantly with increasing levels of nitrogen from 40 to 120 kg/ha, whereas plant height was increased up to 80 kg N/ha only. Crude protein content and its yield increased with increasing levels of nitrogen, maximum being with the application of 120 kg N/ha. Among genotypes, the maximum gross returns (Rs. 57613/ha), net returns (Rs. 21535/ha) and B : C ratio (1.60) were recorded with OL-1802, whereas the application of 120 kg nitrogen/ha realized the maximum gross returns (Rs. 58988/ha), net returns (Rs. 22428/ha) and B : C ratio (1.61).

Key words: Oat, forage yield, dry matter, nitrogen levels, crude protein, IVDMD, net returns

227-230

SUSTAINING QUALITY, NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND SOIL FERTILITY THROUGH INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN FOOD – FORAGE CROPPING SYSTEM
U. S. TIWANA, D. P. CHAUDHARY AND PRITPAL SINGH
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004 (Punjab), India
*(e-mail : ustiwana@pau.edu, utiwana@yahoo.co.in)
(Received : 10 November 2017; Accepted : 14 December 2017)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was carried out at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana for five consecutive years (2005-06 to 2009-10) to find out the effect of integrated nutrient management (INM) on quality, nutrient uptake and soil fertility in mung (Phaseolus aureus)-oats (Avena sativa) fodder- bajra (Pennisetum glaucum)+cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) fodder cropping system. The highest crude protein (28.3 q/ha) and lowest crude fiber (78.4 q/ha) were observed with 100 per cent RDF in all the crops. The highest total N uptake (466.4 kg/ha) of the cropping system was also recorded with 75 per cent RDF+25 per cent N through FYM as compared to 453.4 kg/ha with 50 per cent RDF+50 per cent N through FYM and 438.5 kg/ha with 100 per cent RDF. At the end of two years’ cropping system, the soil organic carbon, available N, P and K decreased in control, maintained in inorganic fertilizer treatments and improved in INM treatments. The highest values were observed with 50 per cent RDF+50 per cent FYM closely followed by 75 per cent RDF+25 per cent FYM.

Key words: Integrated, green fodder, dry matter, crude protein, crude fibre, nitrogen uptake

231-234

EVALUATION OF FORAGE SORGHUM [SORGHUM BICOLOR (L.) MOENCH] GENOTYPES FOR QUALITY AND YIELD
JAYANTI TOKAS, N.K. THAKRAL, PUMMY KUMARI, SATPAL AND HIMANI
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry,
Forage Section, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding
CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004, Haryana, India
*(e-mail : jiyandri@gmail.com)
(Received : 7 December 2017; Accepted : 27 December 2017)

SUMMARY

The present study was conducted to evaluate the promising forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes superior in quality and yield. The experiment was carried out in Forage Section, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, CCS HAU, Hisar in a randomized block design with three replications. The observations recorded were HCN, IVDMD, crude protein content, structural carbohydrates and green fodder yield. Minimum HCN content was estimated in SPV 2455 (23µg/g) followed by SPV 2449 (64µg/g). Crude protein content was highest in SPV 2446 (10.94 %) followed by SPV 2447 (10.72 %) and IVDMD was maximum in SPV 2448 (50.80 %) followed by SPV 2450 (50.40 %). Among structural carbohydrates, highest NDF content was observed in CSH 13 (63.87), ADF content in SPV 2455 (39.55), cellulose in SPV 2449 (38.90) and hemi-cellulose in SPV 2455 (29.87) on percent dry weight basis. In terms of green fodder yield, the genotypes SPV 2444 (395.5 q/ha) and SPV 2454 (374.0 q/ha) were found superior.

Key words: Sorghum, crude protein, HCN, IVDMD, structural carbohydrates, fodder yield

235-238

VARIABILITY, CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS IN FODDER OAT FOR YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS
ATMAN POONIA, D. S. PHOGAT, S. K. PAHUJA, AXAY BHUKER AND R. S. KHATRI
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,
CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail : dsphogatccshau@gmail.com)
(Received : 26 September 2017; Accepted : 19 December 2017)

SUMMARY

The present investigation was carried out in Forage Section Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during rabi 2015-16 to estimate the magnitude of correlation among yield and quality traits and their effects. Positive and significant correlations of dry matter yield per meter row length were recorded for plant height, seed yield per meter row length, green fodder yield per meter row length, flag leaf length, inter-node length, axis length, leaf length and germination %. Path coefficient analysis revealed that characters viz. green fodder yield, number of tillers per plant, plant height and seed yield per meter row length had positive and direct effects on dry matter yield per meter row length, while the characters number of days to 50% flowering, peduncle length, axis length, number of spikelets/panicle, and number of leaves per plant showed direct negative effects. Hence, it would be rewarding to lay stress on characters viz. green fodder yield, number of tillers per plant, plant height and seed yield per meter row length for the improvement of dry matter yield.

Key words: correlation, Avena sativa L., selection, fodder

239-243 Phogat

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF DAIRY FARMING SYSTEM IN HARYANA STATE
SAROJ KUMARI, NISHI SETHI AND RAMAN JODHA
Department of Extension Education and Communication Management
CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail : saroj208@gmail.com)
(Received : 29 September 2017; Accepted : 14 December 2017)

SUMMARY

Dairying is an important source of subsidiary income to small/marginal farmers and agricultural labourers. The main beneficiaries of dairy programmes are small/marginal farmers and landless labourers. A farmer can earn a gross surplus of about Rs. 12,000 per year from a unit consisting of two milking buffaloes. Therefore, more efficient and economical production systems are needed to improve the sustainability and economic feasibility of dairy farming. The present study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state. From Hisar district, two blocks–Adampur and Hisar-I were selected randomly. From selected blocks, two villages, namely, Siswal from Adampur and Dabra from Hisar-1 were selected by random technique. From each selected village, 50 women were selected randomly, thus making a total sample of 100 women. From selected villages, 20 women who were interested in training on dairy farming were selected purposively. Gross income was computed as Rs. 6,85,400, and annual and monthly profit as Rs. 2,75,450 and 22954.16, respectively.

Key words: Economic feasibility, dairy farming, women

244-246