EVALUATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND GENETIC DETERMINANTS OF FODDER YIELD AS A SELECTION CRITERION IN F₂, F₃ AND F₄ GENERATIONS OF OAT (AVENA SATIVA L.)
POOJA DEVI*, V. K. SOOD AND RAJNI DEVI
Department of Crop Improvement,
CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya,
Palampur, 176062, India
*(e-mail : poojakalsi6242@gmail.com)
(Received : 28 May 2018; Accepted : 20 June 2018)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was conducted as Fodder Section Farm of Department of Crop Improvement, CSK HPKV, Palampur during 2015-27 to estimate the direct and indirect effects of twelve morphophysiological traits towards fresh fodder yield in F2, F3 and F4 generations of oat cross PLP-1 x HJ-8 which revealed that tillers per plant, leaves per plant, dry matter yield per plant and crude protein yield per plant plays chief role as major forage yield component in both early and late generations, therefore selection of these traits would offer the scope for improvement in fresh fodder yield and also the significant correlation between these traits in F2, F3, and F4 generations indicated that these traits are mostly governed by additive gene action and also the suitability of these traits for selection on individual plant basis in the advanced generations of segregating populations which would ultimately help to achieve higher total green fodder yield in oats. In the evaluation of F2, F3 and F4 generations along with parents, about 14.33, 18.44, and 22.89% transgressive segregants, respectively, were obtained for most of the traits which indicated the importance of PLP-1 and HJ-8 as parents in the future breeding programme for improving fodder yield in oats.

Key words:Segregating populations, forage traits, direct and indirect effects, transgressive segregants, selection, fodder yield, oat

1-7

EFFECT OF CUTTING MANAGEMENT AND PHOSPHORUS LEVELS ON GROWTH, FORAGE AND SEED YIELD OF MULTICUT OAT (AVENA SATIVA L.)
MONIKA, R. S. SHEORAN*, KARMAL SINGH AND SATPAL
Department of Agronomy
CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail : sheoranrs@gmail.com)
(Received : 10 May 2018; Accepted : 8 June 2018)

SUMMARY

The field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2016-17 at the Forage Research Farm of Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar with the objective to study the effect of cutting management and phosphorus fertilization on forage and seed productionof multicut oat. Treatment combinations comprised of eight cutting management treatments i.e. C1 (Seed to Seed), C2 (Fodder at 50% flowering), C3 (Fodder 60 DAS- Seed), C4 (Fodder 70 DAS- Seed), C5 (Fodder at 80 DAS- Seed), C6 (Fodder 60 DAS- Fodder at 50% flowering), C7 (Fodder at 70 DAS- Fodder at 50% flowering), C8 (Fodder 80 DAS- Fodder at 50% flowering) and four levels of phosphorus i.e. 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P₂O₅/ha. The experiment was laid out in split plot design and replicated thrice. The soil of the experimental field low in available nitrogen (161 kg N/ha), medium in available phosphorus (12 kg/ha) and available potassium(252 kg/ha, slightly alkaline in reaction (pH 7.8). The results indicated that the highest green fodder and dry matter yield was obtained when only one cut of fodder was taken at 50% flowering stage and it was statistically at par for green fodder yield with treatment where first cut for fodder was taken at 80 DAS and second cut at 50% flowering stage. Harvesting of fodder at 80 DAS gave significantly higher forage yield and seed yield than the harvesting at 60 or 70 DAS. Contrary to this, the straw yield and biological yield were significantly higher in the treatment when the crop was raised purely for seed purpose. Under dual system, delay in first cut i.e. from 60 to 80 DAS resulted in a significant increase in fodder and seed yield over the earlier cuttings. Every incremental dose of applied phosphorus upto 40 kg P₂O₅/ha resulted in a significant improvement in forage, seed and straw yield over the lower doses.

Key words:Oat, cutting management, Phosphorus fertilization, fodder yield, seed yield

8-13

PRODUCTIVITY AND ECONOMICS OF DIFFERENT FORAGE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN SOUTH GUJARAT CONDITIONS OF INDIA
L. M. PATIL*, V. K. KAUTHALE, T. G. BHALANI AND D. J. MODI
BAIF Krishi Vigyan Kendra
Bharuch, Gujarat (India)

*(e-mail : lalitpatil59@gmail.com)
(Received : 2 May 2018; Accepted : 17 May 2018)

SUMMARY

A Field experiment was carried out at BAIF’s KVK Chaswad in Bharuch district during 2014 to 2016 with an objective to study the various forage cropping systems for green fodder production and find out the best remunerative year round fodder production system suitable to the South Gujarat conditions. The experiment was conducted with five cropping systems replicated four times in randomized block design. The cropping systems comprised of the combination of annual and perennial cereals and legumes crops. The three years pooled data revealed that the combination of Hybrid Napier variety BAIF Napier Hybrid-10 with Desmanthus (Hedge Lucerne) in 1:5 proportion has given significantly higher green fodder yield of 1701.41 q/ha, gross monetary returns of Rs. 294,872/ha, net monetary returns of Rs. 228,977/ha and benefit: cost ratio of 4.47. The soil fertility status was also maintained over a period of three years due to this cropping system.

Key words:Fodder production systems, green fodder yield, net monetary returns, soil fertility

14-18

EFFECT OF CROP GEOMETRIES ON YIELD COMPONENT, QUALITY AND ECONOMICS OF CLUSTER BEAN (CYAMOPSIS TETRAGONOLOBA L.) VARIETIES IN SUMMER SEASON
SATPAL*, J. TOKAS, RAVISH PANCHTA AND NEELAM
Forage Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,
CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail : satpal.fpj@gmail.com)
(Received : 5 June 2018; Accepted : 28 June 2018)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was conducted at Dryland Research Area, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana), India during summer 2016. Cluster bean varieties RGC 1055, HG 2-20, RGC 1066 and NBPGR 120 were grown in three crop geometries (22.5 cm x 10 cm, 30.0 cm x 10 cm and 45.0 cm x 10 cm) with factorial randomized block design (RBD) in three replicates to find out the suitable variety and crop geometry for summer season. The inter-row spacing’s were 22.5, 30.0 and 45.0 cm but the intra-row spacing was kept 10 cm. Among different varieties, highest seed and straw yield (573.2 and 1920.1 q/ha, respectively) were recorded in the single stem variety RGC 1066 which were on a par with branched variety HG 2-20. Maximum harvest index (0.23) was noticed in HG 2-20 and the same value was also with RGC 1066. Maximum B : C ratio (1.27) was fetched in the single stemmed variety RGC 1066 followed by branched variety HG 2-20. Significantly highest gum content (32.38%) was estimated in HG 2-20. Among different crop geometries, highest seed and biological yield (473.9, 2318.9 kg/ha, respectively) were recorded at 45.0 cm x 10 cm which was on a par with 30.0 cm x 10 cm but significantly superior over 22.5 cm x 10 cm. Highest gum content (32.38%) was estimated with 45.0 cm x 10 cm, which was on a par with 30.0 cm x 10 cm. Maximum B : C ratio (1.09) was fetched with the crop geometry 45.0×10 cm. Significant interaction was observed between variety and crop geometry for seed, straw, biological yield, crude protein and gum content.

Key words:Cluster bean, crop geometry, seed yield, crude protein, gum and carbohydrate content

19-24

COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT RABI FORAGE CROPS UNDER NORTH GUJARAT AGRO-CLIMATIC REGION
S. KUMAR*, A. G. PATEL, R. R. SHAKHELA AND RIDDHI V. JOSHI
Agroforestry Research Station,
S. D. Agricultural University,
Sardarkrushinagar, Dist.Banashkantha -385 506 (Gujarat), India
*(e-mail : skumarsdau@gmail.com)
(Received : 16 May 2018; Accepted : 24 June 2018)

SUMMARY

The field experiments were conducted at Agroforestry Research Station, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat four years during 2012-13 to 2015-16. Significant differences were observed in green and dry fodder yield due to among the crops and their combination. Lucerne + chicory combination produced significantly higher green (95.8 t/ha) and dry fodder (14.8 t/ha) yield as compared to other treatments, but significantly tallest plant (154.6 cm) was observed in rabi maize. Lucerne + chicory gain higher net return (159425 Rs/ha) and B: C (6.0) ratio as compared to other crops.

Key words:Dry fodder yield, fodder yield, green fodder yield and rabi crop

25-27

QUALITY AND ECONOMIC OF FODDER OAT (AVENA SATIVA L.) AS INFLUNCED BY IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN UNDER SOUTHERN RAJASTHAN
HARIKESH JAT* AND M. K. KAUSHIK
Department of Agronomy
Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology,
Udaipur-313 001 (Rajasthan), India
*(e-mail : harikeshlittle@gmail.com)
(Received : 4 June 2018; Accepted : 28 June 2018)

SUMMARY

An investigation was carried out during rabi 2013-14 at Instructional Farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur with the object to evaluate the quality and economic of oat (Avena sativa L.) var. kent with irrigation and nitrogen levels. The experiment comprised combinations of four irrigations and three nitrogen levels. Thus, 12 treatments were evaluated in split-plot design with three replications. In the main plots, there were irrigations and nitrogen levels were kept under sub-plots. The results indicated that the application of five irrigations and 110 kg N/ha produced significantly higher nitrogen 314.49 and 309.94 kg/ha, crude protein 1965.59 and 1937.13 kg/ha, crude fibre 5271.72 and 5061.22 kg/ha, ether extract 308.28 and 303.25 kg/ha, mineral matter 1290.18 and 1277.18 kg/ha, nitrogen free extract 8759.00 and 8877.58 kg/ha and total digestible nutrient 12688.15 and 12595.72 kg/ha. In irrigation treatments higher gross return Rs. 83222/ha and net returns Rs. 69032.12/ha as well as B:C 3.28 were recorded with five irrigations. Gross return, net returns and B : C of oat increased with increasing level of nitrogen and highest values were recorded with 110 kg N/ha were Rs. 78477/ha, Rs. 60651.91/ha and 3.01, respectively.

Key words:Irrigation, nitrogen, oat, quality, economic

28-31

HETEROSIS FOR FODDER YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS IN FORAGE SORGHUM
P. R. PATEL1, R. M. CHOUHAN1 AND S. K. JAIN
Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University,
Deesa-385535 (Gujarat), India

*(e-mail : shaileshkumarjain1976@gmail.com)
(Received : 14 June 2018; Accepted : 28 June 2018)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was couducted during summer-kharif, 2013 at Sorghum Research Station, Deesa to study the heterosis for fodder yield and quality traits in forage sorghum. Analysis of variance in individual environment as well as on pooled basis revealed highly significant differences among genotypes, parents and hybrids for all the traits. The heterosis was evident for green fodder yield per plant and other important yield contributing traits from the significance of mean squares due to parents vs. hybrids in individual as well as pooled over environments for almost all the traits. Significance of mean squares due to genotypes x environments, parents x environments and hybrids x environments for most of the traits indicated that genotypes, parents and hybrids performed differently in different environments. The analysis also revealed highly significant differences for mean squares due to parents vs. hybrids x environments for all the traits except brix per cent, HCN content and crude protein content. The magnitude of heterosis was high for green fodder yield per plant, dry fodder yield per plant, brix per cent and leaf : stem ratio, medium for plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf width, shoot fly dead heart per centage and HCN content and low for days to flowering and crude protein content. The best five hybrids on the basis of standard heterosis were 27A x SRF 317 (39.79 %), 14A x SRF 332 (38.76 %), 104A x SPV 2113 (35.77 %), 9A x SPV 2113 (34.81 %) and 14A x SRF 335 (29.26 %) for green fodder yield per plant. These hybrids also exhibited high heterosis for one or two of its contributing traits, thereby these top hybrids can be exploited commercially for fodder yield after testing in wide range of environments.

Key words:Heterosis, genotypes x environments interaction, heterobeltiosis, standard heterosis

32-37

PRINCIPAL COMPONENT AND FACTOR ANALYSIS IN SIX ROWED BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE L.) GENOTYPES
YOGENDER KUMAR*, RAM NIWAS, O. P. BISHNOI AND NAVEEN KUMAR
Wheat and Barley Section, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding
CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar-125004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail : yogenderkgulia@gmail.com)
(Received : 28 March 2018; Accepted : 25 June 2018)

SUMMARY

Efforts were made to study the pattern of diversity in 40 genotypes of six rowed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using the principal component method of factor analysis. First five principal components had eigen values more than one and have explained altogether 81.37 % of the total variation in 10 metric traits which were mainly associated with plant height, 1000-grain weight and biological yield; days to heading and maturity; harvest index and grain yield; spike length and number of grains per spike; and number of tillers per meter row. The remaining principal components made very little contribution towards total variation and thus could not be considered of much practical value to barley improvement. The genotypes BH 946, BH 15-02, BH 16-40, BH 16-44, BH 10-11, BH 15-06 and BH 15-07 were found to have high yield potential. The results of the present study provide evidence of diversity in barley and thus prove the adequacy of the principal component method in biological investigations.

Key words:Principal component analysis, factor analysis, barley, genotypes, variation

38-42

STUDY ON EFFECT OF HYDROPONIC MAIZE FODDER SUPPLEMENTATION ON MILK YIELD IN MILCH BUFFALOES
ATTURI KRISHNA MURTHY*, DHANALAKSHMI GUDURU, KALYAN CHAKRAVARTHY, AND Y. G. PRASAD
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Yagantipalle, Kurnool Dist, Andhra Pradesh
Associate Professor, ILFC, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur
Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Zone-X, Hyderabad
*(e-mail : atturikrishna@rediffmail.com)
(Received : 26 May 2018; Accepted : 20 June 2018)

SUMMARY

Hydroponic fodder production plays significant role in augmenting fodder shortage of small holder dairy production system in scarce rainfall areas. The present experiment was conducted in the adopted villages of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Yagantipalle, Kurnool dist., A.P. to assess the effect of hydroponic maize fodder (HMF) on production performance in the milch buffaloes. A low cost hydroponic fodder production devise (Krishi Fodder Master) was fabricated and utilized in the experiment. Twenty graded murrah buffaloes of 2nd and 3rd lactation were equally divided into two groups (T1&T2). First group fed with 5kg sorghum straw per day along with recommended quantity of concentrates and the second group fed with 5kg sorghum straw and 12kg HMF per day. Data on HMF production, milk yield/ day, % fat in milk and 3.5% FCM/day was collected for 60 days trial period. 7.2kg HMF was obtained from one kilogram of maize seed within 7 days without using any nutrients in the irrigated water. The DM, CP, CF, EE, TA and NFE contents in HMF were 14.3 15.8, 12.62, 3.74, 3.27 and 64.57 respectively. The data revealed that 6.5% increased mean milk yield/day was recorded in T2 (6.88±0.47) as compared to T1 (6.46±0.49). The mean % fat and SNF in T1 and T2 were recorded as 6.78±0.19, 8.86±0.16 and 7.08±0.23, 9.14±0.12 respectively. The gross income per day was 13.05% more in T2 (Rs.250.47±17.31) than T1 (Rs.221.55±15.49). The data revealed that saving of Rs.15.61/buffalo/day on concentrate feeding and increased net returns of Rs. 44.58/buffalo/day were recorded on supplementing HMF. These results were found significant at 5% (P<0.5). Feeding of HMF to buffaloes produced under Krishi Fodder Master was found to be economical for medium producing animals in low rain fall areas.

Key words:Graded murrah buffaloes, low cost hydroponic system, hydroponic maize fodder, krishi fodder master

43-45

A PREFACE SCREENING OF ZINC USE EFFICIENT PEARL MILLET VARIETIES IN CALCAREOUS SOIL
C. JEMILA AND R. SHANMUGASUNDARAM
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore

*(e-mail : pearlqueen237@gmail.com)
(Received : 26 March 2018; Accepted : 11 May 2018)

SUMMARY

A pot experiment was conducted during the year 2015-16 to evaluate the zinc utilization potential of five pearl millet varieties by exogenously applied micro nutrients (Zn) in the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore. Soil application with two levels of zinc (0 and 10 mg/kg) in a Completely Randomized Design was replicated thrice under factorial arrangement (FCRD). Screening of different genotypes in a potentially zinc deficient soil (calcareous soil) gives a picture to identify the nutrient use efficient genotype of pearl millet and further use it to impose biofortification approach through fertilization strategies. Agronomic biofortification increase the concentration of trace mineral elements which efficaciously solve the health related problems in developing areas of the world. Results showed that soil application of Zn at 10 mg / g has significant effect on zinc nutrient concentration in pearl millet crop (pre flowering stage). Application of micronutrients also increased and improved growth parameter. Among the varieties studied CO (Cu) 9, ICTP 8203 and ICMV 221 were found to be responsive but not efficient and varieties collected from local farmers at Madurai and Coimbatore Districts were found to be efficient and non responsive as screened in the preface study through fertilization strategy.

Key words:Pearl millet, screening, varieties, zinc, zinc use efficiency

46-51

EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM LEVELS AND GROWING CONDITIONS ON NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF HYBRID NAPIER
AKHILA C. THAMPI AND USHA C. THOMAS
Department of Agronomy,
College of Agriculture, Vellayani,
Thiruvananthapuram-695 522, Kerala
*(e-mail : akhiohm@gmail.com)
(Received : 13 May 2018; Accepted : 20 June 2018)

SUMMARY

A factorial experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala during May 2016 to April 2017 to study the effect of different levels of magnesium and growing conditions on nutrient uptake of hybrid napier. The treatments included two factors viz. growing conditions- open (S₁) and coconut garden (S₂) and magnesium levels – 0 (M₁), 40 (M₂), 60 (M₃), 80 (M₄), 100 (M₅) and 120 (M₆) kg MgSO₄/ha. A significant increase in nutrient uptake was found when hybrid napier was grown in open field than in coconut garden. In open condition, the highest N and P uptake was recorded with the application of 80 kg MgSO₄/ha. However in coconut garden, application of 100 kg MgSO₄/ha recorded the highest N and P uptake. The K uptake was higher with control treatment (0 kg MgSO₄/ha) in both growing conditions. The magnesium level of 100 kg MgSO₄/ha recorded the highest Mg uptake in both growing conditions.

Key words:Hybrid napier, magnesium, coconut garden, MgSO4, nutrient uptake

52-55

ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETERS AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE L.) UNDER IRRIGATED CONDITION
YOGENDER KUMAR*, NAVEEN KUMAR, O. P. BISHNOI AND SUMAN DEVI
Wheat and Barley Section
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding
CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004 (Haryana), India
(e-mail : yogenderkgulia@gmail.com)
(Received : 12 May 2018; Accepted : 20 June 2018)

SUMMARY

The present investigation was carried out at Barley Research Area of the Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during rabi 2016-17 to study the genetic parameters and character association for 10 quantitative traits in 87 barley genotypes. Significant genotypic differences were observed for all the traits studied indicating considerable amount of variation among material evaluated for each trait. Most of the traits under investigation exhibited wide range except for days to heading and maturity. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were highest in number of grains per spike followed by grain yield, harvest index, number of tillers per meter row and 1000grain weight. Estimates of heritability ranged from 61.2 per cent for harvest index to 95.5 per cent for number of grains per spike, while grain yield showed 79 per cent heritability. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for number of grains per spike, number of tillers per meter row, grain yield, 1000-grain weight and biological yield, indicates the importance of these traits in selection and crop improvement. The genotypic correlation estimates showed significant positive association of grain yield with harvest index, biological yield and number of grains per spike while the characters viz., days to heading and maturity, plant height and ear length exhibited significant negative correlation with grain yield. Harvest index and biological yield exerted the highest positive and significant direct effect on grain yield. Therefore, these characters could be considered as main components for selection in a breeding program for higher grain yield.

Key words:Genetic parameters, correlation coefficient, path analysis, barley

56-59

EVALUATION OF FABA BEAN GENOTYPES FOR SEED YIELD UNDER HARYANA CONDITIONS
RAJESH KUMAR ARYA
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,
CCS Haryana Agriculural University, Hisar
*(e-mail : rakarayogi@gmail.com)
(Received : 21 May 2018; Accepted: 28 June 2018)

SUMMARY

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an important herbaceous often cross pollinated crop plant, it belongs to family Fabaceae. It is cultivated for food, feed and fodder purposes. The field experiment was conducted in RBD by using 22 newly developed genotypes of Faba bean including checks during rabi 2017-18 at Research Farm of MAP Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. In the present study, wide genetic variability was observed for plant height (cm), days to maturity, number of branches/plant, pod length (cm), seeds/pod, clusters/plant and seed yield (kg/ ha)., except number of seeds/pod. Out of 22 genotypes, the genotype HB-14-20 recorded the highest seed yield (36.52q/ha) followed by HB-14-6 (35.42q/ha), HB-14-4(34.73q/ha), HB-14-32 (35.83 q/ha) and HFB-1(c) 34.44 q/ha) against Vikrant (33.02q/ha). These genotypes have good potential for commercial cultivation, but to be tested over time and space before recommendation for commercial cultivation.

Key words:Seed yield, contributing characters, faba bean (Vicia faba L.), elite genotypes

60-62

RESPONSE OF BARLEY GENOTYPES TO DIFFERENT NITROGEN LEVELS UNDER IRRIGATED TIMELY SOWN CONDITIONS
NEELAM*, BHAGAT SINGH AND SATPAL
Department of Agronomy,
CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar, Haryana-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail : berkesia.neelam@gmail.com)
(Received : 5 June 2018; Accepted : 28 June 2018)

SUMMARY

A two factor field experiment was conducted during rabi 2014-15 at CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana to study the response of new malt barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes to different nitrogen levels under irrigated and timely sown conditions. The highest grain yield was recorded at 120 kg N/ha (46.8q/ ha), which was significantly higher than 60 kg N/ha (42.3 q/ha). The highest number of effective tillers/ m2 (446) was recorded at 120 kg N/ha, which was significantly higher than 60 kg N/ha (422) but statistically at par with 90 kg N/ha (443). Among N levels, maximum straw yield (74.7 q/ha) was recorded with 120 kg N/ha followed by 90 kg N/ha. Among genotypes, PL-874 produced highest grain yield (48.8 q/ha), which was significantly higher than other genotypes except BH-976 (47.3 q/ha). The maximum number of effective tillers/m2 (476) was observed in DWRB-92, whereas maximum grains/earhead were recorded in BH-902, which was significantly higher than other genotypes. Among genotypes, maximum harvest index was recorded in RD-2849 (39.3) followed by DWRB-101.

Key words:Barley, nitrogen levels, genotypes, grain yield and harvest index

63-65