PRATIBHA BHARTI*, SARITA RANI, AJAY SHARMA, PUMMY KUMARI
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
Deparment of G&PB (Forage section), CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail: pratibha595@gmail.com)
(Received : 07 March 2025; Accepted : 30 March 2025)

SUMMARY

The present study was carried out for classifying and predicting classes for yield and
protein content of multicut forage sorghum genotypes using discriminant analysis, based on
performance measures derived from a confusion matrix. Secondary data of 117 genotypes of multicut
forage sorghum, along with two checks measured for 15 traits, was used in this study. The genotypes
were grouped into two categories, G1 (low) and G2 (high), under two grouping schemes (GS I and GS
II) across two datasets: 1st cut and 2nd cut. Classification and prediction results were obtained for
both training and testing datasets. A confusion matrix was generated from the testing data to classify
and predict classes based on fodder yield and protein content. The highest accuracy percentage
(85.7%) was achieved in grouping scheme GS I for green fodder yield (GFY) in the testing dataset of
the 1st cut, demonstrating the effectiveness of discriminant analysis in accurate classification and
prediction.

Key words: Discriminant analysis, performance measures, green fodder yield, accuracy, confusion matrix

436-440

AMAN KUMAR ATHWAL*, ROHTAS KUMAR AND ANURAG
Department of Soil Science, COA, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
Department of Agrometeorology, COA, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail: amanathwal05@gmail.com)
(Received : 8 March 2025; Accepted : 25 March 2025)

SUMMARY

Micronutrients play an important role in plant growth and required for the quality produce
of food and fodder. To examine the secondary and micronutrient status of Hathin block soils of
Palwal (Haryana), 50 surface soil samples were collected with the help of an auger and the
coordinates of each sample were recorded with global positioning system. The results revealed
that the mean exchangeable calcium and magnesium contents in soil were 4.64 and 9.19 cmol (p-)/
kg, respectively, while the mean sulfur content was 58.16 mg/kg. The average concentrations of
DTPA-extractable zinc, iron, copper, manganese, and hot water-soluble boron was 0.47, 6.67, 0.69,
5.35, and 1.40 mg/kg, respectively. Most of the soil samples were deficient in DTPA-extractable
zinc and iron. Significant positive correlation of organic carbon was observed between copper
and boron.

Key words: Zinc, copper, iron, manganese, sulfur and hot water-soluble boron

441-446

RAJ KUMAR, DALIP KUMAR*, BAJRANG LAL SHARMA1, TARUN VERMA, PAVITRA KUMARI, VIVEK KUMAR SAINI, POOJA YADAV AND SUMIT MEHLA
Department of Entomology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004, Haryana (India)
Department of Plant Pathology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004, Haryana (India)
Department of Zoology, Government College, Hisar-125001, India
*(e-mail: dshroff@hau.ac.in)
(Received: 14 January 2025; Accepted: 22 March 2025)

SUMMARY

In Kharif, 2021, a comprehensive study was conducted at CCS Haryana Agricultural
University, Hisar, to determine the response of 40 sorghum genotypes against sorghum shoot fly
under field condition, replicated thrice in randomized block design. 24 sorghum genotypes exhibited
ovipositional preference (ovipositional mean 1.76eggs laid/plant with deadheart infestation of 18.95%)
while, 16 sorghum genotypes shown ovipositional preference (2.37eggs laid/plant with deadheart
25.81%) and same trend was evident at 14 days after seedling emergence indicating higher the
oviposition, higher of numbers of deadheart (%) in sorghum lines. As the glossiness of leaves (scale
1-5) declined, per cent deadheart infestation increased caused by shoot fly sand vice versa in
different sorghum genotypes. On the basis of glossiness of leaves (scale 1-5), two sorghum genotypes
fell in the range of 0.0–1.0 (deadheart 9.77%), five in a range of 1.1–2.0 (deadheart 14.75%), nine in a
range of 2.1-3.0 (deadheart 22.82%), 20 in a range of 3.1–4.0 (deadheart 23.93%) and four genotypes
fallen in a range of 4.1–5.0 (deadheart 28.70%). Sorghum genotypes (11) with closed canopy type of
plants preferred more (deadheart 23.18%) by sorghum shoot fly over genotypes (29) having open
canopy (deadheart 21.21%). Thus, traits associated with plants can be used as markers for developing
shoot fly-resistant sorghum varieties.

Key words: Morphological, Resistance, screening, shoot fly, sorghum genotypes

447-453

GUNJAN SHARMA, TARUN VERMA*, ANIL JAKHAR, RAJESH YADAV AND RAKESH SANGWAN
Department of Entomology; Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding; Department of Plant Pathology, CCS
Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana)
*(e-mail: vermatarun27@gmail.com)
(Received: 06 March 2025; 28 March: 2025)

SUMMARY

In the present study, the seasonal incidence of major insect pests on mung bean and their
correlation with weather parameters was studied on two varieties (MH 421 and MH 1142) at CCS
Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana during kharif, 2022. The results revealed that insect-
pests namely, Bemisia tabaci, Empoasca kerri, Nezara viridula, Clavigrella gibbosa, Riptortus
pedestris, Phyllotreta spp., Trichoplusia ni and Maruca vitrata, and natural enemies including
Coccinella septumpuctata and spiders were observed in mung bean crop wherein whitefly, B.
tabaci was found to be the major pest infesting crop from 31st to 37th SMW (1.20 to 16.80 adults/3
trifoliate leaves) with its peak population in 34th SMW. Population of B. tabaci, T. ni, Phyllotreta
spp. and coccinellid exhibited a significant and positive correlation with sunshine hours, whereas
relative humidity (evening) exhibited a significantly negative correlation with coccinellids. However,
pod bugs (C. gibbosa and R. pedestris) and M. vitrata showed highly significant positive and
significant positive correlations with wind speed and maximum temperature, respectively.

Key words: Insect pests, natural enemies, seasonal incidence, Vigna radiate, weather factors

454-457

RITU SINDHU*, REKHA AND ANJU KUMARI
Centre of Food Science and Technology, CCSHAU, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail: ritu3400@gmail.com)
(Received : 15 March 2025; Accepted 30 March 2025)

SUMMARY

Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) is a pseudo-cereal which has been used as a grain, forage or
silage crop for many animals, including cattle, chickens, pigs and rabbits. Grains of amaranth are
seeking attention of consumers due to high nutritional quality and gluten free composition. Instant
porridge was prepared from amaranth grains and analyzed for functional and sensory properties. For
standardization of process for preparation of instant porridge two cooking methods (open pan and
pressure cooker) and germination of grains were followed. The pressure cooker produced the product
with better sensory and nutritional quality. Also germination of amaranth grains produced instant
porridge with higher protein and lower fat content as well as improved sensory score. Non enzymatic
browning in instant porridge increased during storage. Sensory quality slightly changed during
storage but remained acceptable after three months of storage.

Key words: Amaranth, porridge, germination, nutritional value

458-462

PREETY RANI, SARITA DEVI*, SATPAL, SUKHAM MADAAN, PANKAJ AND GAYATRI
Department of Botany & Plant Physiology, CCSHAU, Hisar -125004 (Haryana), India
Department of G&PB (Forage Section), CCSHAU, Hisar -125004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail: devisaritaa@gmail.com)
(Received : 07 March 2025; Accepted 27 March 2025)

SUMMARY

Agricultural biostimulants include diverse formulations of compounds, substances and
micro-organisms which applied to plants or soils to improve crop vigour, yields, quality and tolerance
of abiotic stresses. The investigation was carried out for the assessment of Physiological responses
of various bio-stimulants in Vigna unguiculata L. genotype (CS-88) under rainfed condition during
the summer season of 2019. The investigation conducted at Dryland Research Farm, Forage Section
under rainfed conditions at CCS HAU, Hisar. Bio-stimulants were applied exogenously at flower
initiation stage. The physiological parameters in cowpea plant like water relation, gaseous exchange
studies chlorophyll content (SPAD units) and photochemical quantum yield showed declining trend
in rainfed condition. But with the imposition of different bio-stimulants at flower initiation stage,
values of physiological parameters found to be increased. Values ranged from control to biostimulant
application in osmotic potential (-MPa) (-1.24 to -1.09), RWC (%) (72.7 – 88.7). Similarly, chlorophyll
content (SPAD units) and photochemical quantum yield also showed the increasing trend after foliar
application of different biostimulants and the values varied from (41.0 – 51.4) and (0.678 – 0.718),
respectively. Reversibly, relative stress injury was found to be decreased from control (35.51) to
biostimulants application (20.58) in cowpea under moisture stress. The value of biochemical
parameters ranges from proline (131.4 – 381.9 µg g-1 DW) and glycine betaine (144.0 – 424.2 µmol g-1
DW) over their respective control. Conclusively, based on the above studies it could be concluded
that after foliar spray of different biostimulants under rainfed condition, cowpea performed better by
maintaining higher plant water status, photosynthetic rate and lower values of RSI (%). Biostimulants
treatments not only ameliorate the effect of moisture stress on plants, but also showed a stimulating
effect. Application of 2 % complex N, P, K was found more effective which was at par with SA 100
ppm spray at flower initiation than others biostimulants in cowpea.

Key words: Biostimulants, cowpea, Glycine betaine, Proline content and RWC

463-467

ANKITA, NEELAM*, SATPAL, KAUTILYA CHAUDHARY AND PATTAM KEERTHI
Department of Agronomy
CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail: berkesia.neelam@gmail.com)
(Received: 11 Februry 2025; Accepted: 26 March 2025)

SUMMARY

A field experiment entitled “Performance of cowpea varieties under moisture stress conditions” was carried out during summer season, 2022 at Research Farm of Forage Section, Department of G & PB, CCS Haryana Agricultural University. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. It consisted of three irrigation schedules viz. irrigation at 7, 11 and 15 days interval and four cowpea varieties viz. RC 101, GC 1601, PGCP 24 and HC 46. The texture of the soil was sandy loam with pH 7.9, electrical conductivity (EC) 0.32 dS m-1 and organic carbon (OC) 0.46%. The soil was low in available nitrogen (125 kg/ha), medium in phosphorus (13.5 kg/ha) and potassium (290 kg/ha). Irrigation at 15 days interval and variety RC 101 took less number of days to complete almost all physiological stages in crop growth period. Maximum chlorophyll content was recorded under irrigation schedules at 7 days interval, whereas among varieties, highest chlorophyll content at 60 DAS was noted in variety GC 1601, which was at par with chlorophyll content of variety PGCP 24. Highest RWC of cowpea varieties at harvest was recorded with irrigation scheduled at 7 days interval, followed 11 days interval. In varieties significantly maximum RWC was noted in variety RC 101, followed by variety GC 1601, PGCP 24. Maximum corresponding NPK content (3.771
& 1.89%), (0.554 & 0.164%) and (1.39 & 1.70%) in seed and straw, respectively were observed in irrigation schedules of 15 days interval, followed by irrigation schedules at 11 days interval. With more frequent irrigation application, NPK content showed a decreasing trend. Maximum NPK content (3.750 & 1.87 %), (0.547 & 0.160%) and (1.34 & 1.66 %) were observed in seed and straw, respectively in variety GC 1601. Variation in NPK uptake under different irrigation and varieties in both seed and straw was observed due to variation in NPK content.

Key words: Cowpea, varieties, irrigation scheduling, physiological parameters and quality

468-473

SATPAL*, B. GANGAIAH, S. DEVI, N. KHAROR, P. KUMARI AND B. L. SHARMA
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding (Forage Section), 3Department of Botany & Plant Physiology
CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
ICAR – Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad-500 030 (Telangana), India
*(e-mail: satpal.fpj@gmail.com)
(Received: 8 March 2025; Accepted: 30 March 2025)

SUMMARY

A field experiment was conducted to assess the impact four graded levels of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF 0, 50, 100 and 150% with 80.0-17.5-33.2 kg N-P-K/ha as RDF) on fodder
productivity, quality and economics of ten single cut forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes (4 single cut non-BMR forage genotypes i.e. SPV 2885, SPV 2998, SPV 2983, SPV 2985 with CSV 43 & CSV 35F as checks and 3 brown mid rib (BMR) genotypes i.e. SPV 2912 BMR, SPV 2814BMR, SPV 2997BMR with CSV 43BMR as check) at Hisar (Haryana), India during kharif season of 2024 using Split plot design with two replications. Results revealed that non-BMR genotype ‘SPV 2983’ with. 43.40 and 10.67 t/ha of green and dry fodder yields has excelled both the checks CSV 35F and CSV 43 by 80 & 84 and 136 & 149 per cent, respectively and was promising from crude protein and net income point of view also. Among BMR genotypes, SPV 2814BMR with 21.13 and 4.88 t/ha of green and dry fodder yields has excelled its check CSV 43BMR by 24.73 and 24.81%, respectively. Higher fodder yields of SPV 2983 and SPV 2814BMR over their respective checks was due to their tall plants. HCN content was the least in SPV 2912BMR (48.7 µg/g) and the highest (89.8 µg/g) in SPV
2998. Highest fodder producing genotype (SPV 2983) was more depletive of soil nutrients. Among RDF levels, significant improvement was seen in leaf area index values only with 150% RDF application over RDF and thus RDF was best for realizing the not only the fodder yield but also returns. Fertilizers (RDF) have contributed to 67.8, 65.4 and 165.7% green, dry fodder yield and net income enhancements at the test site as compared to 0% RDF i.e. unfertilized control (14.83, 3.53 t/ha and ¹-9936). Inherent soil fertility (0% RDF) has contributed to 45.3-3.8-37.8 kg/ha N-P-K uptake of forage sorghum crop producing highest dry fodder/kg NPK uptake (78.7-841.7-93.5 kg fodder / kg N-P-K) and uptake increased 2.12-3.26-1.93 times with RDF use. HCN content increased from 53.6 to 76.2 µg/g as RDF increased from 0 to 150% RDF. It is concluded that single cut non-BMR forage sorghum genotype ‘SPV 2983’ is promising while among BMR genotypes, SPV 2914BMR is promising and is at par with all non-BMR genotypes except CSV 35F and SPV 2983. High digestibility of BMR genotypes
(7-9%) may make them as good as CSV-35F. Application of 100% RDF (80.0-17.5-33.2 kg/ha N-P-K) was recommended for higher fodder yield, quality and income.

Key words: Sorghum, single-cut, forage, brown mid rib (BMR), genotypes, fertilizer levels, fodder yield, HCN and crude protein

474-482