R. S. SOLANKI*, R. A. GAMI*, KAPIL K TIWARI, R. N. PATEL, L. D. PARMAR AND P. S. PATEL
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CPCA, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar-385506 (Gujarat), India
Center for millets research, SDAU, Deesa- 385535 (Gujarat), India
Bio-Science Research Centre, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar-385506 (Gujarat), India
Potato Research Station, SDAU, Deesa- 385535 (Gujarat), India
Centre for Oilseeds Research, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar-385506 (Gujarat), India
Department of Agricultural Entomology, CPCA, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar-385506 (Gujarat), India
*(e-mail: ramangami@gmail.com)
(Received : 19 August 2023; Accepted : 15 September 2023)
SUMMARY
Fifteen hybrids derived from half-diallel mating design using six parents, including standard check GJ 43 were evaluated for per se performance and magnitude of heterosis to examine yield and attributing traits in sorghum. The per se performance of parents revealed that the parent GNJ 1 appeared numerically higher for grain yield per plant and 1000-grain weight. The parents SWARNA and DJ 6514 were found for days to flowering. Hybrids IS 18551 × SWARNA, SWARNA × GNJ 1 and GJ 43 × GNJ 1 recorded maximum total plant height and grain yield per plant. While the parents IS18551 and IS2205; the cross combination IS 18551 × IS 2205 were showed shoot fly resistance feature. The analysis of variance indicated that the genotypes used in the study were significant for all 12 characteristics, revealing the presence of genetic diversity in the genotypes. The mean sum of squares due to genotypes, parents, hybrids and parents vs. hybrids was highly significant found for all characteristics except the mean sum of squares due to parents vs hybrids for the seedling glossiness, days to flowering and total plant height, which indicated that sufficient amount of heterosis was appeared in crosses due to yield attributing characteristics and shoot fly resistance traits. The study of the most prominent heterotic hybrids for grain yield per plant viz., GJ 43 × GNJ 1, SWARNA × GNJ 1 and IS 18551 × SWARNA evinced significant and positive heterosis over better parent and standard check GJ 43 for yield and shoot fly resistance attributes, respectively.
Key words: Sorghum, Shoot fly, heterosis, heterobeltiosis, parents vs. hybrids, per se performance