PRATEEK KUMAR, DALVINDER PAL SINGH, RAKESH PUNIA, ARVIND AND PRAGATI YADAV
Department of Plant Pathology,
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding (Forage Section),
Department of Entomology,
Department of Agronomy
CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India
*(e-mail : prateekberwalhau@gmail.com)
(Received : 6 May 2024; Accepted : 26 June 2024)

SUMMARY

Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub.) (2n=14) is an indigenous, self-pollinated, drought tolerant legume crop. This crop has recently gained the status of industrial crop due to the high galactomannan content in the endosperm of its seed. This crop is vulnerable to bacterial leaf blight as one of the most destructive diseases of cluster bean caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. cyamopsidis and confines cluster bean productivity in all growing regions. Biological control is an ecological-friendly approach to suppress the growth of phytopathogens. In this study, four bio- agents viz. Bacillus subtilis, Providencia sp., Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma harzianum were evaluated against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. cyamopsidis in vitro condition. Providencia sp. showed maximum antibacterial activity with 14.12 per cent zone inhibition followed by Bacillus subtilis (12.13%). The fungal antagonists viz. Trichoderma viride (7.11%) and Trichoderma harzianum (5.95%), were found least effective against the tested pathogen. Providencia sp.@ 25 per cent w/v reduce disease incidence of 50 per cent under screen house conditions followed by Bacillus subtilis (35.71%). Among the treatments, the lowest disease reduction and highest per cent disease incidence was observed in treatment with Trichoderma harzianum (7.14). Therefore, bioagents can be used as a sustainable tool for management of plant diseases towards sustainable agriculture.

Key words: Biocontrol, Providencia, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma viride, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. cyamopsidis, Bacterial blight

87-92

TRALOKI SINGH, A. S. TETARWAL, RAHUL DEV, PANKAJ NAUTIYAL AND K. B. ANAND
ICAR-CSSRI Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sandila, Hardoi-241 203 (U. P.), India
ICAR-CAZRI, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pali-306 401 (Rajasthan), India
ICAR-VPKAS Almora-263 601 (Uttarakhand), India
Udai Pratap Collage, Varanasi-212 011 (Uttar Pradesh), India
*(e-mail: Arvind.tetarwal@icar.gov.in)
(Received : 5 June 2024; Accepted : 28 June 2024)

SUMMARY

Oat is a crucial fodder crop that supports small and marginal farmers in the Kachchh region by providing more fodder in saline conditions and increasing income. It is a good source of protein, fiber, and minerals in their green forage, and produce high-quality silage, hay, and excellent grazing when grown with improved practices. To promote improved oat cultivation technology with high- yielding varieties JHO 822 and JHO 2010-1, KVK Bhuj conducted 30 Frontline Demonstrations (FLDs) across 12 hectares from Rabi 2020-21 to 2022-23 at different location of Kachchh Gujarat. The three years’ data revealed that the average yield of JHO 2010-1 increased by 12.60%, from 254 q/ha (existing practice) to 286 q/ha (improved practice). The average technology gap, extension gap, and technology index for JHO 2010-1 were 20 q/ha, 32 q/ha, and 6.54%, respectively. For JHO 822, the yield increased by 10.82% in demo plots over conventional practice with an average technology gap, extension gap, and technology index of 59 q/ha, 40.67 q/ha, and 12.30%, respectively. Economically, the demonstrations showed an increased net return of Rs. 35,900/ha with a benefit- cost ratio (BCR) of 2.03 for JHO 2010-1, compared to Rs. 29,166.67/ha and a BC ratio of 1.85 under local practices. For JHO 822, the net return increased to Rs. 68,066.67/ha with a BC ratio of 2.89, compared to Rs. 59,466.67 /ha and a BC ratio of 2.73 for local practices. By conducting these FLDs, the yield potential of the oat crop and the income level of the farming community can be significantly improved.

Key words: Oat (Avena sativa L.), frontline demonstration (FLD), adoption, economics, technology gap, technology index

93-97

R. A. GAMI, K. G. KUGASHIYA, B. K. DAVDA, R. N. PATEL, S. K. JAIN, P. R. PATEL AND S. J. VAGHELA
Centre for Millets Research, S. D. Agricultural University, Deesa-385 535 (Gujarat), India
Main Sorghum Research Station, NAU, Surat (Gujarat), India
*(e-mail: ramangami@gmail.com)
(Received : 8 May 2024; Accepted : 20 June 2024)

SUMMARY

The new fodder sorghum variety GFS 8 (Banas chari) breed through pedigree selection method from the cross between NR 184 × UPMC 512 at Centre for Millets Research, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Deesa, Gujarat. The fodder sorghum variety GFS 8 (Banas chari) (DSF 168) was tested in a preliminary evaluation trial (PET) in kharif 2017. It was also tested in AICRP – Sorghum in IVHT-SC trials as a SPV 2879 in kharif 2021 in fourteen locations (Zone I and Zone II) nationwide. The fodder sorghum variety GFS 8 (Banas chari) was tested under 31 state trials against various check varieties viz., GFS 5, GAFS 12, CSV 21 F, GFS 6 and CSV 46 F. The mean performance of GFS 8 (Banas chari) for green fodder yield over 31 locations, including the preliminary trial was 433.6 q/ha. In the case of dry fodder yield, the mean performance over 30 locations, including the preliminary trial was 139.7 q/ha. In Gujarat, based on 31 testing trials GFS 8 (Banas chari) exhibited high green fodder yield (433.6 q/ha) with an increment of 28.1, 24.2, 6.4 and 8.2 per cent, respectively and based on 30 location dry fodder (139.7 q/ha) with an increment of 26.6, 18.0, 6.8 and 1.8 per cent over the years and locations against checks GFS 5, GAFS 12, CSV 21 F and GFS 6 respectively. It medium may be flowers within 65-75 days, tall in nature, long & broad leaves and a thin stem diameter. It is moderately resistant to leaf blight and anthracnose diseases and exhibited lower infestation of shoot fly and stem borer. Besides the yield advantage, the variety has also recorded higher TSS (11.1% Brix) and crude protein (6.1%) as well as low HCN content (48.1 ppm).

Key words: Fodder Sorghum, green fodder, dry fodder and morphological attributes

98-106